Diagnosing ozone loss in the extratropical lower stratosphere
Diagnosing ozone loss in the extratropical lower stratosphere
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诊断温带低平流层臭氧损失
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Pyle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. M. Lee;Roderic L. Jones;I. Kilbane;J. Pyle
[1]利用一个三维化学输送模式研究了1996年冬、春南半球平流层低层臭氧的化学损失。模式诊断量的开发，以确定控制臭氧分布的基本化学机制。这些诊断示踪剂量化了由于形成或破坏臭氧的单个催化循环或反应机制而引起的臭氧变化。这些示踪剂的结果证实了卤素不仅在臭氧洞的发展中而且在中纬度臭氧消耗中的重要性，其中近50%是由于涉及卤素的循环。在中纬度地区，臭氧化学损失的主要机制是由于循环，其速率决定步骤涉及HO2和O3之间的双分子碰撞。臭氧探测仪测量的观测证据表明，极地亚涡旋区域（高度低于1400公里）的臭氧消耗严重。这些测量结果还表明，这种臭氧消耗至少部分是由于现场化学臭氧损失造成的。模型结果表明，与臭氧洞有关的臭氧消耗有四分之一以上位于亚涡旋高度。为量化在亚涡过渡高度以上和以下发生的臭氧损失而设计的诊断示踪剂表明，这种臭氧消耗大部分是原地臭氧损失。此外，在低于亚涡过渡的高度，极地臭氧损失被有效地输送到中纬度，在那里它有助于中纬度臭氧下降。
[1] Chemical ozone loss in the Southern Hemisphere lower stratosphere during winter and spring 1996 is investigated using a three-dimensional chemical transport model. Model diagnostic quantities are developed to determine the underlying chemical mechanisms controlling the distribution of ozone. These diagnostic tracers quantify the ozone change due to individual catalytic cycles or reaction mechanisms that form or destroy ozone. Results from these tracers confirm the importance of halogens not only in the development of the ozone hole but also in midlatitude ozone depletion of which almost 50% is due to cycles involving halogens. The dominant chemical ozone loss mechanism in the middle latitudes is due to the cycle whose rate determining step involves the bimolecular collision between HO2 and O3. Observational evidence from ozonesonde measurements shows substantial ozone depletion in the polar subvortex region (altitudes below ∼14 km). These measurements also indicate that this ozone depletion must be due, at least in part, to in situ chemical ozone loss. Model results show that over a quarter of the ozone depletion associated with the ozone hole resides at subvortex altitudes. Diagnostic tracers designed to quantify ozone loss occurring above and below the subvortex transition altitude show that the majority of this ozone depletion is in situ ozone loss. Furthermore, at altitudes below the subvortex transition, polar ozone loss is efficiently transported to middle latitudes, where it contributes to midlatitude ozone decline.