Effect of Cyanuric Acid on the Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum under Hyperchlorination Conditions
Effect of Cyanuric Acid on the Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum under Hyperchlorination Conditions
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.5b00962
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发表时间：
2015-06-16
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Hill, Vincent R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murphy, Jennifer L.;Arrowood, Michael J.;Hill, Vincent R.
氰尿酸（CYA）是一种氯稳定剂，用于游泳池，以限制紫外线降解氯，从而减少氯的使用和成本。然而，CYA已被证明会降低氯消毒的功效。如果发生隐孢子虫事件，CDC建议对隐孢子虫（CT值= 15 300 mg.min/L）实施3-log（10）灭活条件，以修复池。目前，CYA对隐孢子虫灭活的影响尚未完全确定。我们研究了多个浓度的CYA对C。细小病毒灭活（20和40 mg/L游离氯;平均pH 7.6; 25 ℃）。当游离氯浓度为20 mg/L时，CYA浓度为8和16 mg/L时，3-log（10）CT值的平均估计值分别为17 800和31 500 mg.min/L，1-log（10）CT值的平均估计值为76？500 mg.min/L，CYA浓度为48 mg/L。在40 mg/L游离氯下，3-log 10 CT值低于20 mg/L下的CT值，但仍高于仅含游离氯的对照组。在类似于100 mg/L CYA的存在下，20和40 mg/L游离氯分别在72 h内实现平均0.8和1.4 log（10）减少。这项研究表明，CYA显着延迟氯灭活隐孢子虫卵囊，强调需要额外的池补救方案后，粪便事件。
Cyanuric acid (CYA) is a chlorine stabilizer used in swimming pools to limit UV degradation of chlorine, thus reducing chlorine use and cost. However, CYA has been shown to decrease the efficacy of chlorine disinfection. In the event of a diarrheal incident, CDC recommends implementing 3-log(10) inactivation conditions for Cryptosporidium (CT value = 15 300 mg.min/L) to remediate pools. Currently, CYAs impact on Cryptosporidium inactivation is not fully determined. We investigated the impact of multiple concentrations of CYA on C. parvum inactivation (at 20 and 40 mg/L free chlorine; average pH 7.6; 25 degrees C). At 20 mg/L free chlorine, average estimated 3-log(10) CT values were 17 800 and 31 500 mg.min/L with 8 and 16 mg/L CYA, respectively, and the average estimated 1-log(10) CT value was 76?500 mg.min/L with 48 mg/L CYA. At 40 mg/L free chlorine, 3-log10 CT values were lower than those at 20 mg/L, but still higher than those of free chlorine-only controls. In the presence of similar to 100 mg/L CYA, average 0.8- and 1.4-log(10) reductions were achieved by 72 h at 20 and 40 mg/L free chlorine, respectively. This study demonstrates CYA significantly delays chlorine inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts, emphasizing the need for additional pool remediation options following fecal incidents.