Response to: Comment on “Stepwise Load Reduction Training: A New Training Concept for Skeletal Muscle and Energy Systems”
Response to: Comment on “Stepwise Load Reduction Training: A New Training Concept for Skeletal Muscle and Energy Systems”
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回应：对“逐步减重训练：骨骼肌和能量系统的新训练概念”的评论
DOI：
10.1007/s40279-022-01662-7
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Katamoto Shizuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ozaki Hayao;Abe Takashi;Loenneke Jeremy P.;Katamoto Shizuo
Ozaki等人[1]最近推出了“逐步减少负荷训练”（SLRT）。在SLRT中，一个人开始一组重负荷的运动，在该负荷下尽可能多地重复，然后以逐步的方式继续进行其他较轻负荷的运动[1]。根据作者的说法，SLRT不同于传统的落集训练，因为在传统训练中，初始负载不一定是最大或接近最大的[1]。作者认为，SLRT是一种时间效率高的训练方法，可能会导致“广泛的适应”（即肌肉力量，肌肉耐力，最大无氧功率，无氧能力和VO 2 max的伴随增加）[1]。他们承认需要研究来验证他们的假设[1]。我们认为SLRT很有趣，但它可以通过连接自适应阻力运动（CARE）设备更有效地完成。本信的目的是论证，在某种程度上，SLRT可能是一种有效的训练方法，CARE设备对SLRT概念很有效。传统的阻力训练设备，如自由重量（例如，哑铃，杠铃），重量叠加机和松紧带，可以提供足够的刺激来增加肌肉力量[2-7]。然而，这种设备具有局限性。第一，在开始后不能改变负荷（即，重复之间没有负荷变化）。当一个人由于疲劳而无法举起负荷时，他们必须停下来，选择一个较轻的负荷来完成更多的重复。在锻炼过程中，移除重量板或选择较轻的哑铃以实现与SLRT相关的逐步负荷减少存在实际不便。其次，对于传统的阻力训练设备，同心和离心阶段使用相同的负荷。然而，偏心强度明显大于同心强度[8-14]。此外，同心疲劳比偏心疲劳发生得更快[8，9，12]。因此，传统设备可能无法优化偏心收缩的强度。在给定负荷下的离心运动也被认为是不那么费力，需要更少的氧气[15，16]。因此，离心运动可能更适合心脏和/或呼吸系统疾病患者或运动耐受性较差的老年人[17，18]。CARE设备是新的阻力训练设备，有可能克服现有设备的局限性。CARE设备也可称为“连接的力量训练器”、“智能训练器”或“数字重量”，包括由固件控制的载荷产生机构，该固件监测用户动力学和运动学，并通过无线技术（“连接”）相应地调整（“自适应”）载荷产生机构。CARE设备非常适合SLRT（图1、2、3）。CARE设备可以在重复内和重复之间调整电阻。在设置开始之前，用户可以选择允许最大或接近最大离心收缩的阻力，并理解CARE设备将减少同心阶段的阻力，以匹配肌肉的力量产生能力。此外，CARE设备可以在使用者由于疲劳而失去力量产生能力时减少组内的阻力。因此，用户可以执行大量的重复，而不必停止以减少负荷。
Ozaki et al.[1] recently introduced ‘stepwise load reduction training’(SLRT). In SLRT, an individual starts an exercise set with a heavy load, performs as many repetitions as possible at that load, then proceeds to do additional sets with lighter loads in a stepwise manner [1]. According to the authors, SLRT differs from traditional drop set training, because in traditional training, the initial load is not necessarily maximal or near maximal [1]. The authors argued that SLRT is a time-efficient training method that might result in “a broad range of adaptations”(ie, concomitant increases in muscle strength, muscle endurance, maximal anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, and VO2max)[1]. They acknowledge research is needed to test their hypothesis [1]. We think that SLRT is interesting, but it could be accomplished more effectively and efficiently with a connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) device. The aim of the current letter is to argue that, to the extent SLRT might be an effective training method, CARE devices work well for the SLRT concept. Traditional resistance training equipment, such as free weights (eg, dumbbells, barbells), weight stack machines, and elastic bands, can provide adequate stimuli for increasing muscle strength [2–7]. However, such equipment has limitations. First, the load cannot be altered after the set has commenced (ie, no load alterations between repetitions).When an individual fails to lift a load due to fatigue, they must stop and select a lighter load to complete more repetitions. Practical inconveniences exist for removing weight plates or selecting lighter dumbbells to achieve the stepwise load reductions associated with SLRT during an exercise session. Second, with traditional resistance training equipment, the same load is used for both the concentric and eccentric phases. However, eccentric strength is significantly greater than concentric strength [8–14]. Moreover, concentric fatigue occurs quicker than eccentric fatigue [8, 9, 12]. Thus, traditional equipment might not optimize the intensity for eccentric contractions. Eccentric exercise at a given load is also perceived as less effortful and demands less oxygen [15, 16]. Thus, eccentric exercise might be more appropriate for patients with heart and/or respiratory diseases or older adults with less tolerance to exercise [17, 18]. CARE devices are new resistance training equipment that have the potential to overcome limitations of existing equipment. CARE devices, which might also be called ‘connected strength trainers’,‘smart trainers’, or ‘digital weights’, consist of a load-generating mechanism controlled by firmware that monitors user kinetics and kinematics and adjusts (‘adaptive’) the load-generating mechanism accordingly via wireless technologies (‘connected’). CARE devices are well suited for SLRT (Figs. 1, 2, 3). CARE devices can adapt resistances within and between repetitions. Before the set begins, users can select a resistance that permits maximal or near maximal eccentric contractions, with the understanding the CARE device will reduce the resistance in the concentric phase to match the force-generating capacity of the muscle. Moreover, CARE devices can reduce resistances within a set as a user loses force-generating capacity due to fatigue. Thus, a user can perform a high number of repetitions without having to stop to reduce loads.
递减强度训练同时提高最大无氧能力、最大累积氧亏缺和最大摄氧量。
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Hayao Ozaki;Hayao Ozaki;G. Kato;T. Nakagata;T. Nakamura;K. Nakada;Tomoharu Kitada;S. Katamoto;H. Naito
通讯作者：
H. Naito
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Ozaki, Hayao;Abe, Takashi;Katamoto, Shizuo
通讯作者：
Katamoto, Shizuo