Breastfeeding and the risk of hospitalization for respiratory disease in infancy - A meta-analysis
Breastfeeding and the risk of hospitalization for respiratory disease in infancy - A meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.157.3.237
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bachrach, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bachrach, VRG;Schwarz, E;Bachrach, LR
目的：研究母乳喂养与接受现代医疗护理的健康足月婴儿因下呼吸道疾病住院的风险。数据来源：MEDLINE、与研究人员的个人交流、奥维德数据库、在线论文摘要和BIOSIS。研究选择：标题，摘要，并对发达国家的母乳喂养暴露措施和下呼吸道疾病住院率的研究文本进行了探讨。对于汇总统计，我们要求3个纳入标准：（1）喂养对比至少2个月的纯母乳喂养（2）研究人群排除了患病、低出生体重或早产儿;（3）反映了富裕地区; 27%的研究符合这些标准。数据提取：我们从所有相关报告中提取数据。数据综合：来自所有主要材料（33项研究）的数据表明，母乳喂养与呼吸系统疾病住院风险之间存在保护性关联。9项研究符合所有入选标准，7项队列研究被合并。这7项研究中的喂养对比是4个月或更长时间的纯母乳喂养与非母乳喂养。使用随机效应模型，汇总相对风险（95%置信区间）为0.28（0.14-0.54）。这种影响保持稳定，统计学显着调整吸烟或社会经济地位的影响后，结论：在发达国家的一般健康的婴儿中，超过三倍的严重呼吸道疾病导致住院治疗的婴儿谁不是母乳喂养相比，那些谁是纯母乳喂养4个月。
Objective: To examine breastfeeding and the risk of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract disease in healthy full-term infants with access to modern medical care.Data Sources: MEDLINE, personal communication with researchers, the OVID databases, Dissertation Abstracts Online, and BIOSIS.Study Selection: The titles, abstracts, and text of studies from developed countries were explored for breastfeeding exposure measures and lower respiratory tract disease hospitalization rates. For summary statistics, we required 3 inclusion criteria: (1) a feeding contrast of a minimum of 2 months of exclusive breastfeeding (no formula supplementation) vs no breastfeeding and (2) study populations that excluded sick, low birth weight or premature infants and (3) reflected affluent regions; 27% of studies met these criteria.Data Extraction: We abstracted data from all relevant reports.Data Synthesis: Data from all primary material (33 studies) indicated a protective association between breastfeeding and the risk of respiratory disease hospitalization. Nine studies met all inclusion criteria, and 7 cohort studies were pooled. The feeding contrasts in these 7 studies were 4 or more months of exclusive breastfeeding vs no breastfeeding. The summary relative risk (95% confidence interval) was 0.28 (0.14-0.54), using a random-effects model. This effect remained stable and statistically significant after adjusting for the effects of smoking or socioeconomic status.Conclusion: Among generally healthy infants in developed nations, more than a tripling in severe respiratory tract illnesses resulting in hospitalizations was noted for infants who were not breastfed compared with those who were exclusively breastfed for 4 months.