Trends in Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi in Nairobi, Kenya from 2004 to 2006
Trends in Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi in Nairobi, Kenya from 2004 to 2006
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DOI：
10.3855/jidc.503
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Revathi, Gunturu N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mengo, Doris M.;Kariuki, Sam;Revathi, Gunturu N.
背景：伤寒是一个全球性的健康问题。世界卫生组织 (WHO) 估计，目前全球每年新增伤寒病例约 2200 万例，其中 5% 是致命的。 方法：为了评估 2004 年至 2006 年从肯尼亚内罗毕患者血液中分离出的 100 株伤寒沙门氏菌血清型伤寒菌株的抗生素耐药性趋势。所有分离株均经过氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、萘啶酸、环丙沙星、复方新诺明、头孢呋辛、头孢呋松、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、四环素和庆大霉素。使用 MIC 和纸片扩散试验确定敏感性和耐药性。 结果：从 2004 年到 2006 年，总共研究了 100 个菌株； 70% 的分离株具有多重耐药性 (MDR)，而 15% 的分离株对所有测试药物均敏感。在通过纸片扩散对环丙沙星和萘啶酸具有抗性的 13 个分离株中，11 个分离株的 MIC 为 0. 25 μg/ml，而 2 个分离株的 MIC 为 1.00 μg/ml。氨苄西林耐药率从2004年的88%下降到2005年的64%； 2006年这一数字增加到76%。其他四种测试的抗生素也观察到类似的趋势。结论：应暂时停止使用治疗伤寒沙门氏菌的一线抗生素处方。环氟沙星等药物可用于治疗由耐多药伤寒沙门氏菌引起的伤寒。有必要监测氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性，因为已经观察到对这些药物的耐药性，并且它们是目前用于治疗伤寒的药物。
Background: Typhoid fever is a global health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the current annual global burden of typhoid is approximately 22 million new cases, 5% of which are fatal.Methodology: To assess the trends in antibiotic resistance in 100 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains were isolated from the blood of patients in Nairobi, Kenya, from 2004 to 2006. All isolates were tested against ampicilin, chloramphenic, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, cefuroxime, cefriaxone, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline and gentamycin. Susceptibility and resistance were determined using MIC and disk diffusion tests.Results: From 2004 to 2006 a total of 100 strains were studied; 70% of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) while 15% of the isolates were sensitive to all drugs tested. Of 13 isolates that were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid by disk diffusion, 11 had an MIC of 0. 25 mu g/ml while two isolates had an MIC of 1.00 mu g,/ml. Resistance in ampicillin decreased from 88% in 2004 to 64% in 2005; this increased to 76% in 2006. Similar trends were observed for four other antibiotics tested.Conclusion: The prescription of first-line antibiotics used in the treatment of S. Typhi should be stopped temporarily. Drugs such as cipfloxacin would be useful in the treatment of typhoid caused by MDR S. Typhi. There is need to monitor the resistance in flouroquinolones as resistance to these drugs has been observed and they are the current drugs used to treat typhoid.