Humans trade off viewing time and movement duration to improve visuomotor accuracy in a fast reaching task
Humans trade off viewing time and movement duration to improve visuomotor accuracy in a fast reaching task
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1309-07.2007
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发表时间：
2007-06-27
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Schrater, Paul R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Battaglia, Peter W.;Schrater, Paul R.
先前的研究表明，大脑使用感官和运动准确性的统计知识来优化行为表现。在这里，我们提出了一个新的实验结果，参与者可以同时控制这两个量。具体来说，最大的性能要求同时选择观看和运动的持续时间，这直接影响视觉和运动的准确性。参与者在1200毫秒的时间限制内到达一个由二维点分布不精确指示的目标。通过选择何时到达，参与者选择了关于目标位置的视觉信息的质量以及执行到达的剩余时间。新的点，因此更多的视觉信息，出现，直到达到启动;达到启动后，没有新的点出现。然而，电机控制中的速度精度权衡使得早期到达（剩余时间多）精确而后期到达（剩余时间少）不精确。基于每个参与者的视觉和电机只有targethitting性能，我们计算了一个“理想的reacher”，选择达到启动时间，最大限度地减少预测到达终点偏离真正的目标位置。参与者的时间选择与理想的预测是定性一致的：选择不同的刺激变化（但小于预测的幅度），并导致接近最佳的性能，尽管没有直接的反馈定义理想的性能。我们的研究结果表明，视觉估计，和他们各自的准确性被传递到电机规划系统，这反过来又预测潜在的达到精度和控制观看和运动的时间，有利地权衡视觉和电机的准确性。
Previous research has shown that the brain uses statistical knowledge of both sensory and motor accuracy to optimize behavioral performance. Here, we present the results of a novel experiment in which participants could control both of these quantities at once. Specifically, maximum performance demanded the simultaneous choices of viewing and movement durations, which directly impacted visual and motor accuracy. Participants reached to a target indicated imprecisely by a two-dimensional distribution of dots within a 1200 ms time limit. By choosing when to reach, participants selected the quality of visual information regarding target location as well as the remaining time available to execute the reach. New dots, and consequently more visual information, appeared until the reach was initiated; after reach initiation, no new dots appeared. However, speed accuracy trade-offs in motor control make early reaches (much remaining time) precise and late reaches (little remaining time) imprecise. Based on each participant's visual- and motor-only targethitting performances, we computed an "ideal reacher" that selects reach initiation times that minimize predicted reach endpoint deviations from the true target location. The participant's timing choices were qualitatively consistent with ideal predictions: choices varied with stimulus changes (but less than the predicted magnitude) and resulted in near-optimal performance despite the absence of direct feedback defining ideal performance. Our results suggest visual estimates, and their respective accuracies are passed to motor planning systems, which in turn predict the precision of potential reaches and control viewing and movement timing to favorably trade off visual and motor accuracy.