Authentication Using Graphical Passwords: Basic Results
Authentication Using Graphical Passwords: Basic Results
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
Susan Wiedenbeck;J. Waters
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作者：
Susan Wiedenbeck;J. Waters
进入计算机系统通常需要使用字母数字密码。然而，用户很难记住长且随机出现的密码。相反，他们创建了简短，简单和不安全的密码。设计图形密码是为了让密码更容易记住，更容易使用，因此更安全。使用图形密码，用户可以点击图像，而不是输入字母数字字符。我们设计了一个新的更安全的图形密码系统，称为PassPoints。在本文中，我们描述了PassPoints系统，它的安全特性，以及我们进行的实证研究比较PassPoints的字母数字密码。在实证研究中，参与者学习了字母数字或图形密码，随后进行了三次纵向试验，在五周内输入密码。结果表明，图形组在学习密码时花了更长的时间，犯了更多的错误，但这种差异在很大程度上是少数图形参与者难以学习使用图形密码的结果。在纵向试验中，两组在记忆密码方面表现相似，但图形组需要更多的时间来输入密码。
Access to computer systems is most often based on the use of alphanumeric passwords. However, users have difficulty remembering a password that is long and random-appearing. Instead, they create short, simple, and insecure passwords. Graphical passwords have been designed to try to make passwords more memorable and easier for people to use and, therefore, more secure. Using a graphical password, users click on images rather than type alphanumeric characters. We have designed a new and more secure graphical password system, called PassPoints. In this paper we describe the PassPoints system, its security characteristics, and the empirical study we carried out comparing PassPoints to alphanumeric passwords. In the empirical study participants learned either an alphanumeric or graphical password and subsequently carried out three longitudinal trials to input their passwords over a period of five weeks. The results show that the graphical group took longer and made more errors in learning the password, but that the difference was largely a consequence of just a few graphical participants who had difficulty learning to use graphical passwords. In the longitudinal trials the two groups performed similarly on memory of their password, but the graphical group took more time to input a password.