Using community science for detailed pollution research: a case-study approach in Indianapolis, IN, USA

Using community science for detailed pollution research: a case-study approach in Indianapolis, IN, USA
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利用社区科学进行详细的污染研究:美国印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯的案例研究方法

DOI:
10.1007/s11356-022-22561-4
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Filippelli, Gabriel M.
Filippelli, Gabriel M.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dietrich, Matthew;Rader, Shelby T.;Filippelli, Gabriel M.

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城市环境中的重金属污染,特别是铅污染,对人类健康和生态系统都是一种危害。尽管许多城市对城市金属污染有广泛的认识,但关于重金属在家庭尺度上在土壤和室内灰尘之间的分布和迁移的研究仍然相对有限--这是实际人类相互作用和暴露的最重要尺度。因此,使用美国印第安纳波利斯社区科学家生成的样本,我们应用了整体化学、铅同位素和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)来说明详细的分析技术如何有助于解释家庭规模的铅污染分布。我们的技术为一些家庭的铅涂料来源提供了确凿的证据,而其他家庭可能受到过去工业/车辆来源的铅的污染。扫描电子显微镜显示,人为颗粒暗示着铅涂料,富铁金属人造颗粒广泛存在于所有家庭中,表明污染物的传输过程。铅污染在家庭规模上的变异性仅在四个家庭中就很明显,这证明了城市污染的异质性和复杂性。未来的城市污染研究工作将很好地利用这些来自社区的样本的更详细的分析方法,以更好地了解铅来自哪里以及目前如何存在于环境中。然而,这些方法应在便携式X射线荧光(XRF)等大规模污染筛查技术之后应用,更详细的分析技术侧重于仅靠整体化学无法查明主要污染机制的领域,在这些领域,社区科学家也可以提供重要的元数据来支持地球化学解释。
Heavy metal contamination in urban environments, particularly lead (Pb) pollution, is a health hazard both to humans and ecological systems. Despite wide recognition of urban metal pollution in many cities, there is still relatively limited research regarding heavy metal distribution and transport at the household-scale between soils and indoor dusts—the most important scale for actual human interaction and exposure. Thus, using community-scientist-generated samples in Indianapolis, IN (USA), we applied bulk chemistry, Pb isotopes, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to illustrate how detailed analytical techniques can aid in interpretation of Pb pollution distribution at the household-scale. Our techniques provide definitive evidence for Pb paint sourcing in some homes, while others may be polluted with Pb from past industrial/vehicular sources. SEM revealed anthropogenic particles suggestive of Pb paint and the widespread occurrence of Fe-rich metal anthropogenic spherules across all homes, indicative of pollutant transport processes. The variability of Pb pollution at the household scale evident in just four homes is a testament to the heterogeneity and complexity of urban pollution. Future urban pollution research efforts would do well to utilize these more detailed analytical methods on community-sourced samples to gain better insight into where the Pb came from and how it currently exists in the environment. However, these methods should be applied after large-scale pollution screening techniques such as portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF), with more detailed analytical techniques focused on areas where bulk chemistry alone cannot pinpoint dominant pollution mechanisms and where community scientists can also give important metadata to support geochemical interpretations.
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发表时间: 2020-03-21
影响因子: 2.8
作者:
Barnes, Matthew;McLeod, Claire L.;Krekeler, Mark P. S.
通讯作者: Krekeler, Mark P. S.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2021
期刊: Geoderma Regional
影响因子: 4.1
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