Multiple concentric rainbows induced by microscale concave interfaces for reflective displays
Multiple concentric rainbows induced by microscale concave interfaces for reflective displays
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101146
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jacob Rada;H. Hu;Lyu Zhou;Jing Zeng;Haomin Song;Xie Zeng;Shakil Shimul;Wen Fan;Q. Zhan
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文献类型：
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作者：
Jacob Rada;H. Hu;Lyu Zhou;Jing Zeng;Haomin Song;Xie Zeng;Shakil Shimul;Wen Fan;Q. Zhan
在我们当前的世界中，有源显示技术创造了大量的能源需求来满足其照明需求。此需求可通过使用不需要主动照明的反射式显示器技术而受阻，其中一些实例包含：使用墨水粒子的电泳运动的电子纸、水/油滴的电润湿及干涉式调制器，所有这些技术均已商业化。然而，由于缺乏有源光源，难以在低光环境（例如，夜间显示）中实现这些反射式显示技术。在这项工作中，我们报告了一个实验观察到的多个同心圆彩虹反射微尺度凹界面（MCI），这是由光线的反射内的聚合物嵌入微球。来自单个边缘和相对边缘的出射光线将根据照明和观察条件引入完全不同的干涉机制，这将导致不同的角度相关颜色。通过澄清这种着色现象背后的机制，以及定量映射所生成的颜色，MCI在智能标志和像素化显示器中的实现被证明，示出了可以在宽的空间角度范围内观察到的角度相关的颜色变化的反射图像。这种结构材料将作为开发光物质相互作用、片上传感器、防伪工具以及无源和智能彩色反射显示器的新平台的基石。有趣的是，我们还展示了一个用于可见光和红外波长的智能MCI交通标志，它将为模式和图像识别引入额外的信号，以提高未来自动驾驶/自动驾驶系统的安全性。
In our current world, active display technology creates a glut of energy demand to meet its illumination needs. This demand can be stymied by using reflective display technologies that require no active illumination, with some examples including: electronic paper using electrophoretic motion of ink particles, electrowetting of water/oil droplets, and interferometric modulators, all of which have been commercialized. However, due to the lack of active light sources, it is difficult to implement these reflective display technologies in low light environments (e.g. nighttime display). In this work, we report an experimental observation of multiple concentric circular rainbows from reflective microscale concave interfaces (MCIs), which are introduced by the reflection of optical rays within a polymer-embedded microsphere. Exit rays from a single edge and opposite edges will introduce completely different interference mechanisms depending on the illumination and observation conditions, which will result in different angle-dependent colors. By clarifying the mechanism behind this coloration phenomenon, as well as quantitatively mapping the generated color, the implementation of the MCI in smart signs and pixelated displays are demonstrated, showing angle-dependent color-changing reflected images that can be observed over a wide spatial angle range. This structural material will serve as a building block for the development of new platforms for light-matter interactions, on-chip sensors, anti-counterfeiting tools, and passive and smart color reflective displays. Intriguingly, we also demonstrate a smart MCI traffic sign for both visible and infrared wavelengths that will introduce extra signals for pattern and image recognition in order to enhance the safety of future autopilot/autonomous systems.