Antecedent search processes and the structure of text.
Antecedent search processes and the structure of text.
复制标题
先行搜索过程和文本结构。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.13.2.278
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O'Brien,EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O'Brien,EJ
Kintsch和van Dijk（1978）认为，当读者遇到一个在短期记忆中不再存在的概念时，有必要在长期记忆中搜索原始概念。在本研究中，四个实验解决了这个搜索过程的本质。在前两项测试中，受试者阅读包含两种可能的先行词的文章：一种出现在文章的早期，另一种出现在相对较晚的时间。阅读时间差异表明，较晚的前件比较早的前件恢复得更快，这与Kintsch和van Dijk框架中几个搜索模型的预测不一致。恢复时间差的最佳解释假设文本被表示为通过向后并行搜索访问的集成网络。实验3表明，当前研究中使用的命名时间仅测量当前激活，对长期记忆强度的差异不敏感。实验4通过显示出现在先行词和段落结尾之间的概念通常在搜索先行词的过程中被访问，进一步支持了向后并行搜索模型的假设。
Kintsch and van Dijk (1978) assumed that when a reader encounters a reference to a concept no longer available in short-term memory, a search through long-term memory for the original concept is necessary. In the present study, four experiments addressed the nature of this search process. In the first two, subjects read passages that contained two possible antecedents: one appearing early in the passages and the other appearing relatively late. Reading time differences demonstrated that late antecedents are reinstated more quickly than early antecedents, which is in disagreement with predictions from several search models within the Kintsch and van Dijk framework. The best account of the reinstatement time differences assumes that text is represented as an integrated network accessed by a backward parallel search. Experiment 3 demonstrated that naming time, as used in the current studies, measures only current activation and is not sensitive to differences in long-term memory strength. Experiment 4 provided further support for the assumptions of a backward parallel-search model by showing that concepts appearing between an antecedent and the end of a passage are often accessed during the search for the antecedent.