Unrooted responses: Addressing violence against environmental and land defenders
Unrooted responses: Addressing violence against environmental and land defenders
复制标题
无根应对：解决针对环境和土地维护者的暴力行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Philippe Le Billon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Grant;Philippe Le Billon
本研究考虑社区林业和发展组织的参与者如何应对与森林有关的暴力。文献表明，应对措施应寻求解决暴力的根本原因，加强法治，促进人权和政治赋权。然而，这些应对措施往往受到权力关系和治理挑战的阻碍和中和，包括普遍存在的腐败和世袭主义。在柬埔寨，对腐败和滥用权力当局的不信任，严格的法理等级制度和社会习俗，以及认为世袭主义为富人服务和缺乏权利意识的信念，使与森林有关的暴力难以寻求正义，更不用说获得正义了。很少有社区，支持非政府组织和外国捐助者似乎愿意和有能力解决森林暴力的根源，导致破坏保护目标的妥协，系统性的不公正，以及环境和土地捍卫者继续遭受暴力。该研究指出了四个需要进一步研究的领域，以减少护林者遭受人身伤害的风险，维持社区保护目标，并加强对森林暴力的问责制。
This study considers how participants in community forestry and development organizations respond to forest-related violence. The literature suggests that responses should seek to address the underlying causes of violence, enforce the rule of law, and promote human rights and political empowerment. Yet, these responses are often obstructed and neutralized by power relations and governance challenges, including pervasive corruption and patrimonialism. In Cambodia, the combination of distrust towards corrupt and abusive authorities, rigid legal-rational hierarchies and social conventions, as well as the belief that patrimonialism serves wealthy individuals and lack of awareness of rights makes it difficult to seek, and even less obtain justice for forest-related violence. Few communities, supporting NGOs and foreign donors appear willing and capable of addressing the roots of forest violence, leading to compromises undermining conservation objectives, systemic injustice, and continued exposure to violence for environmental and land defenders. The study points at four areas for further research to reduce the risks of physical harm for defenders, sustain community conservation objectives, and strengthen accountability for forest violence.