Nanoparticle toxicity by the gastrointestinal route: evidence and knowledge gaps.
Nanoparticle toxicity by the gastrointestinal route: evidence and knowledge gaps.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1504/ijbnn.2013.054515
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Witzmann FA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergin IL;Witzmann FA
对用于先进技术、消费品和生物医学应用的纳米颗粒的兴趣日益增加，导致人们对潜在的益处感到非常兴奋，但也对潜在的人类健康不良影响感到担忧。胃肠道代表了许多纳米材料的可能进入途径，无论是直接通过有意摄入或间接通过纳米颗粒从食品容器中溶解或通过吸入颗粒的二次摄入。此外，增加纳米颗粒的使用可能导致环境污染增加以及通过水、食用动物或鱼类的无意摄入。胃肠道是宿主细胞和常驻微生物组之间复杂共生相互作用的场所。因此，纳米颗粒的评估不仅要考虑吸收和肠外器官积累，还要考虑肠道微生物改变的可能性以及这种扰动对宿主的影响。基于这些考虑，评价了现有文献中的毒性证据。重点放在三个类别的纳米材料：纳米金属和金属氧化物，碳基纳米颗粒，聚合物/树枝状聚合物，重点是那些颗粒的最相关的胃肠道暴露。
The increasing interest in nanoparticles for advanced technologies, consumer products, and biomedical applications has led to great excitement about potential benefits but also concern over the potential for adverse human health effects. The gastrointestinal tract represents a likely route of entry for many nanomaterials, both directly through intentional ingestion or indirectly via nanoparticle dissolution from food containers or by secondary ingestion of inhaled particles. Additionally, increased utilisation of nanoparticles may lead to increased environmental contamination and unintentional ingestion via water, food animals, or fish. The gastrointestinal tract is a site of complex, symbiotic interactions between host cells and the resident microbiome. Accordingly, evaluation of nanoparticles must take into consideration not only absorption and extraintestinal organ accumulation but also the potential for altered gut microbes and the effects of this perturbation on the host. The existing literature was evaluated for evidence of toxicity based on these considerations. Focus was placed on three categories of nanomaterials: nanometals and metal oxides, carbon-based nanoparticles, and polymer/dendrimers with emphasis on those particles of greatest relevance to gastrointestinal exposures.