Blooms of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai: a threat to the fisheries sustainability of the East Asian Marginal Seas
Blooms of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai: a threat to the fisheries sustainability of the East Asian Marginal Seas
复制标题
DOI：
10.3800/pbr.3.125
复制
发表时间：
2008-05
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
S. Uye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Uye
根口水母Nemopilema nomurai是东亚边缘海（即渤海，黄海，中国东部和日本海）特有的，其独特之处在于其巨大的身体大小（约100厘米）。2米最大钟直径和200公斤湿重）和偶尔群体爆炸的倾向。本种的大规模开花历史上仅报道一次。40年（即1920年、1958年和1995年），但最近越来越频繁（即2002年、2003年、2005年和2006年）。对水螅体时空分布规律的研究和水循环物理模拟结果均表明，4 ~ 6月间，黄海和东海的水螅体释放出水螅体，经对马海流输送到日本海。2005年的水华可能是有史以来最大的一次;夏季每天有多达3-5 - 108只水母通过对马海峡，商业渔民的投诉超过10万起。最近的开花N。nomurai可能是由环境变化引起的，如中国沿海沃茨水温升高、富营养化、海岸改造和过度捕捞。频繁的水母水华显然可能对东亚边缘海的渔业可持续性构成威胁，东亚边缘海是世界上产量最高的渔场之一。
The rhizostome jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai, which is endemic to the East Asian Marginal Seas (i.e. the Bohai, Yellow, East China and Japan Seas), is unique both by its enormous body size (ca. 2 m maximum bell diameter and 200 kg wet weight) and propensity for occasional population explosionss. Massive blooms of this species have his- torically been reported only once per ca. 40 years (i.e. in 1920, 1958 and 1995), but have become increasingly frequent recently (i.e. in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2006). Both accumulated knowledge on the spatiotemporal distributions and physical modeling of the water circulation show that the medusae are released from benthic polyps during April-June in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, and transported by the Tsushima Current to the Japan Sea. The bloom in 2005 might be the largest ever in history; as many as 3-5� 10 8 medusae passed through the Tsushima Strait daily during the summer and there were more than 100,000 complaints from commercial fishermen. The recent blooms of N. nomurai may have been caused by environmental changes, such as increased water temperature, eutrophication, coastal modifi- cation, and over-fishing in Chinese coastal waters. Frequent jellyfish blooms can apparently be a threat to the fisheries sustainability of the East Asian Marginal Seas, one of the world's most productive fisheries grounds.