A novel tetravalent Leptospira bacterin protects against infection and shedding following challenge in dogs
A novel tetravalent Leptospira bacterin protects against infection and shedding following challenge in dogs
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DOI：
10.1136/vr.101100
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发表时间：
2013-02-16
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Sutton, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klaasen, H. L. B. M.;van der Veen, M.;Sutton, D.
基于当前流行病学情况的最新证据表明，欧洲犬钩端螺旋体病疫苗应针对问号钩端螺旋体（广义）血清群犬型、黄疸出血型、流感伤寒型和澳大利亚型感染。在本文介绍的8项研究中，犬接种了Nobivac L4（MSD Animal Health），这是一种新的四价灭活疫苗，含有代表这4个血清群的4种毒株的抗原。然后使用来自相同四个血清群的异源菌株对犬和未接种疫苗的对照犬进行攻毒。在其中4项研究中，对不具有抗4种血清群凝集抗体的幼仔接种Nobivac L4疫苗。在另外4项研究中，在接种犬抗血清后48小时给予Nobivac L4疫苗，该抗血清旨在模拟具有抗这些血清群的母源性抗体的幼仔的血清学状态。在所有8项研究中，根据抗体应答、临床体征、发热、血小板计数、从血液、尿液和肾脏中阳性分离攻毒微生物的频率以及间质性肾炎的频率评估了疫苗有效性。结果表明，Nobivac L4疫苗诱导针对犬型、出血性黄疸型和流感伤寒型血清群菌株的钩端螺旋体血症和肾脏感染的无菌免疫，并诱导针对南方血清群菌株的钩端螺旋体血症的无菌免疫。由于在用抗血清预处理的幼仔中也实现了无菌免疫，因此可以得出结论，该疫苗在6周龄以上幼仔中面对母源抗体也可能有效。
Recent evidence based on the current epidemiological situation suggests that vaccines against canine leptospirosis in Europe should be directed against infection with Leptospira interrogans (sensu lato) serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Australis. In the eight studies presented here, dogs were vaccinated with Nobivac L4 (MSD Animal Health), a new tetravalent inactivated vaccine containing antigen from four strains representing these four serogroups. The dogs were then challenged, together with unvaccinated control dogs, using heterologous strains from the same four serogroups. In four of the studies, pups without agglutinating antibodies against the four serogroups were vaccinated with Nobivac L4 vaccine. In a further four studies, Nobivac L4 vaccine was given 48 hours after administration of antiserum from vaccinated dogs designed to mimic the serological status of pups with maternally derived antibodies against these serogroups. In all eight studies, vaccine efficacy was assessed in terms of antibody response, clinical signs, fever, thrombocyte count, frequency of positive isolation of challenge organisms from blood, urine and kidney and frequency of interstitial nephritis. The results demonstrate that Nobivac L4 vaccine induces sterile immunity against leptospiraemia and renal infection with strains of serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Grippotyphosa, and induces sterile immunity against leptospiraemia with a strain of serogroup Australis. Since sterile immunity was achieved in pups pretreated with antiserum as well, it can be concluded that this vaccine is also likely to be efficacious in the face of maternally derived antibodies in pups from the age of six weeks.