Predictors of emotional problems in 5-year-old children: an international comparison between two cohorts in Chile and Scotland
Predictors of emotional problems in 5-year-old children: an international comparison between two cohorts in Chile and Scotland
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DOI：
10.1007/s12144-020-01336-5
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发表时间：
2021-02-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
MacBeth, Angus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farkas, Chamarrita;Girard, Lisa-Christine;MacBeth, Angus
幼儿期的情绪问题会增加进入青春期和成年期的心理健康问题的风险，但跨文化的病因危险因素尚不清楚。我们研究了学龄前儿童情绪问题的预测因素，使用了智利和苏格兰的全国儿童队列。参与者包括1648名参加智利儿童初级教育纵向研究（ELPI）队列的儿童及其家庭，以及3786名参加苏格兰成长研究（GUS）队列的儿童及其家庭。数据收集于2005年至2012年。通过产妇报告收集了有关情绪问题以及社会和健康决定因素的信息。10.4%的ELPI组儿童和3.6%的GUS组儿童存在临床范围内的情绪问题。队列之间的差异具有统计学意义。逻辑回归显示，产妇失业预示着整个队列的情绪问题。母亲受教育程度较低和生活在农村地区仅对ELPI队列预测较高的情绪问题风险，而母亲较年轻，每日亲子共享活动（如共享字母/形状的频率较低）和较高的电视暴露率对GUS队列预测较高的情绪问题风险。产妇失业是跨群体的一个风险因素，这表明了共同的跨文化因素的重要性。然而，样本的具体差异突出了在制定儿童心理健康政策和干预措施时对文化特殊性给予更多关注的重要性和必要性。
Emotional problems in early childhood increase the risk of mental health problems into adolescence and adulthood, but the cross-cultural etiological risk factors are unclear. We examined predictors of emotional problems in preschoolers, using a national cohort of children in Chile and in Scotland. Participants included 1648 children and their families enrolled in the Chilean Encuesta Longitudinal de la Primera Infancia (ELPI) cohort and 3786 children and their families enrolled in the Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) cohort. Data were collected between 2005 and 2012. Information on emotional problems along with social and health determinants were collected via maternal reports. Emotional problems in the clinical range were identified in 10.4% of children from the ELPI cohort and in 3.6% of children from the GUS cohort. The difference between cohorts was statistically significant. Logistic regression revealed that maternal unemployment predicted emotional problems across cohorts. Lower maternal education and living in rural areas predicted higher risk of emotional problems for the ELPI cohort only, whereas having a younger mother, daily parent-child shared activities such as a lower frequency of sharing letters/shapes, and a higher exposure to television predicted higher risk for emotional problems for the GUS cohort. Maternal unemployment as a risk factor across cohorts indicates the importance of shared cross-cultural factors. However, sample specific differences highlight the importance and need for greater attention towards cultural specificities in policy and intervention development for child mental health.