Facial comparison behaviour of forensic facial examiners
Facial comparison behaviour of forensic facial examiners
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DOI：
10.1002/acp.4027
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发表时间：
2022-12-26
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Bindemann，Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Claydon，Jacky R.;Fysh，Matthew C.;Bindemann，Markus
在警方调查中，面部鉴定员对面部图像进行视觉比较，以确定人的身份。本研究利用眼动追踪和个体差异方法，通过比较面部鉴证师、法医指纹分析师和未经训练的新手在三个任务中的表现，来调查这些专家在识别过程中是否表现出专业的观看行为。其中包括无限制观看（实验1）和限时观看（实验2）下的面部匹配，以及源自审查员案例工作程序的特征比较方案（实验3）。面部检查人员在面部比较准确性上表现出个体差异，并且并不总是优于指纹分析人员和新手。他们的行为也与对照组相似，在如何看待面孔方面，从眼球运动可以看出，以及如何根据所做的特征判断和识别决定来感知面孔。这些发现进一步理解了面部比较是如何进行的，并澄清了审查员专业知识的性质。
Facial examiners make visual comparisons of face images to establish the identities of persons in police investigations. This study utilised eye‐tracking and an individual differences approach to investigate whether these experts exhibit specialist viewing behaviours during identification, by comparing facial examiners with forensic fingerprint analysts and untrained novices across three tasks. These comprised of face matching under unlimited (Experiment 1) and time‐restricted viewing (Experiment 2), and with a feature‐comparison protocol derived from examiner casework procedures (Experiment 3). Facial examiners exhibited individual differences in facial comparison accuracy and did not consistently outperform fingerprint analysts and novices. Their behaviour was also marked by similarities to the comparison groups in terms of how faces were viewed, as evidenced from eye movements, and how faces were perceived, based on the made feature judgements and identification decisions. These findings further understanding of how facial comparisons are performed and clarify the nature of examiner expertise.