Direct observation of Na and O impurities at grain surfaces of CuInSe2 thin films
Direct observation of Na and O impurities at grain surfaces of CuInSe2 thin films
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DOI:
10.1116/1.581583
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发表时间:
1999-01
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
D. Niles;M. Al‐Jassim;K. Ramanathan
中科院分区:
文献类型:
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作者:
D. Niles;M. Al‐Jassim;K. Ramanathan
The authors use field-emission Auger electron spectroscopy to investigate the spatial nature of trace Na and O impurities in thin films of photovoltaic-grade CuInSe2 thin films. They give the first direct proof that Na and O reside at grain surfaces and not in the grain interiors of CuInSe2 (CIS) thin films, and discuss the improvement in photovoltaic conversion efficiency of CIS with Na.