Chemotaxis: new role for Ras revealed.
Chemotaxis: new role for Ras revealed.
复制标题
趋化性：Ras 的新角色揭晓。
DOI：
10.1007/s13238-010-0119-6
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
21.1
通讯作者：
Jin,Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan,Jianshe;Hereld,Dale;Jin,Tian
A recent study of chemotaxis revealed a new role for the proto-oncogene Ras in the social ameba Dictyostelium discoideum. Chemotaxis, the directional movement of cells toward chemokines and other chemoattractants, plays critical roles in diverse physiological processes, such as mobilization of immune cells to fight invading microorganisms, targeting of metastatic cancer cells to specific tissues, and guidance of sperm cells to ova during fertilization. This work, published in the July 26 issue of The Journal of Cell Biology, was conducted in Dr. Devreotes’ lab at John Hopkins University and Dr. Parent’s lab at National Cancer Institute. This research team demonstrated that RasC functions as an upstream regulator of TORC2 and thereby governs the effects of TORC2-PKB signaling on the cytoskeleton and cell migration.Many of the core components of the underlying chemotaxis signaling network have been elucidated in D. discoideum. Chemoattractants are sensed by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which leads to the activation heterotrimeric G-proteins, small Ras-like G-proteins, and phosphoinsositide 3-kinase (PI3K), resulting in the generation of phosphatidylinositol-(3, 4, 5)-trisphosphate (PIP3). This phospholipid, in turn, prompts the membrane translocation of proteins containing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, such as cytosolic regulator of adenylyl cyclase (CRAC) and protein kinase B (PKB), which regulate the cytoskeleton rearrangements during chemotaxis. Importantly, many of these components and their activation are highly localized to the leading edge of cells undergoing chemotaxis, assuring that cytoskeletal changes needed for directional movement are spatially restricted (reviewed in Jin et al., 2009). Although it has been well established that the PIP3 pathway plays an important role in the regulation of chemotaxis, additional pathways that act in parallel with the PIP3 pathway have recently been revealed. For instance, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was reported to mediate chemotaxis in parallel with
