Simulation of transport through soil of E. coli derived from livestock slurry using the macro model
Simulation of transport through soil of E. coli derived from livestock slurry using the macro model
复制标题
使用宏观模型模拟来自牲畜粪便的大肠杆菌通过土壤的运输
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Vinten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. McGechan;A. Vinten
摘要。动物粪便在陆地上扩散后，粪便大肠菌群向河流、湖泊和地下水中浸出，这是一个环境和公共卫生问题。采用了两阶段的方法来模拟大肠杆菌通过土壤通过农田排水沟接收水的运输过程。首先，选择双孔隙污染物迁移模型宏观参数值，模拟大肠杆菌在土壤中的流动、吸附和死亡。这些模拟再现了实验测量结果，显示了浆液扩散后微生物向现场排水管的快速流动，这可以用大孔流动来解释，在大孔流动中，大肠杆菌等胶体不会被捕获。其次，进行了一系列预测模拟，以测试土壤和天气条件对大肠杆菌损失的影响。这些结果表明，损失在很大程度上受扩展时土壤湿度条件的影响，而在较小程度上受扩展后不久发生的降雨的影响。选择具有特定天气和土壤湿度条件的扩散“工作日”是有益的，这表明有机会大幅减少大肠杆菌和其他粪便微生物污染水污染的环境风险。
Abstract. Leaching of faecal coliforms to rivers, lakes and groundwater following the spreading of animal slurry on land is of environmental and public health concern. A two‐stage approach was adopted to modelling the transport processes by which Escherichia coli passes through the soil to receiving waters via field drains. First, parameter values were selected for the dual‐porosity contaminant transport model macro to simulate through‐soil flows, sorption and die‐off of E. coli. These simulations reproduced experimental measurements showing rapid flows of the microorganisms to field drains after slurry spreading, which could be explained in terms of macropore flow in which trapping of colloids such as E. coli does not take place. Second, a series of predictive simulations was carried out to test the influence of soil and weather conditions on E. coli losses. These showed that losses are strongly influenced by soil wetness conditions at the time of spreading, and to a lesser degree by rainfall occurring soon after spreading. Selection of spreading ‘workdays’ with particular weather and soil wetness conditions is beneficial, which indicates opportunities for substantial reductions in the environmental risks of water pollution by E. coli and other faecal microorganisms.