Prosocial development in late adolescence: a longitudinal study.
Prosocial development in late adolescence: a longitudinal study.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00930.x
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发表时间：
1995-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
N. Eisenberg;G. Carlo;Bridget C. Murphy;Patricia van Court
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Eisenberg;G. Carlo;Bridget C. Murphy;Patricia van Court
15年来亲社会道德推理的变化，亲社会推理的性别差异，以及道德推理，亲社会行为和共情相关的情绪反应的相互关系进行了研究，纵向数据从17-18岁和19-20岁的青少年和数据首次采访。享乐主义推理的使用一直下降到青春期，然后在成年早期有所增加。需求导向和刻板的推理增加，直到童年中期或青春期早期，然后下降的使用。在之前的随访中，直接互惠和认可推理似乎在青春期中期有所下降，但在成年早期没有下降。在青春期和成年早期，几种更高层次的推理模式在使用中有所增加。女性的整体推理能力高于男性。面试成绩和亲社会道德推理的客观措施呈正相关。与预期一致，有一些证据表明亲社会推理，亲社会行为，同情和观点采择之间的关系。
Change in prosocial moral reasoning over 15 years, gender differences in prosocial reasoning, and the interrelations of moral reasoning, prosocial behavior, and empathy-related emotional responses were examined with longitudinal data from 17-18- and 19-20-year-olds and data from adolescents interviewed for the first time. Hedonistic reasoning declined in use until adolescence, and then increased somewhat in early adulthood. Needs-oriented and stereotypic reasoning increased until mid-childhood or early adolescence and then declined in use. Direct reciprocity and approval reasoning, which appeared to be on the decline in mid-adolescence in previous follow-ups, showed no decline into early adulthood. Several modes of higher-level reasoning increased in use across adolescence and early adulthood. Females' overall reasoning was higher than males'. Scores on interview and objective measures of prosocial moral reasoning were positively correlated. Consistent with expectations, there was some evidence of relations among prosocial reasoning, prosocial behavior, sympathy, and perspective taking.