Biochemical and metabolic responses of the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons to cadmium and copper exposure
Biochemical and metabolic responses of the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons to cadmium and copper exposure
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深海贻贝Bathymdiolus platifrons对镉和铜暴露的生化和代谢反应
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105845
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Li Chaolun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Zhou;Mengna Li;Zhaoshan Zhong;Hao Chen;Xiaocheng Wang;Minxiao Wang;Zheng Xu;Lei Cao;Lian Chao;Huan Zhang;Hao Wang;Yan Sun;Li Chaolun
对商业深海采矿的兴趣增加的同时，环境问题也日益严重，包括采矿活动造成的金属污染。然而，人们对金属暴露对深海生物的毒性影响知之甚少。鉴于其从周围环境中积累金属的能力，其在喷口和渗漏处的广泛分布以及其高丰度，深海贻贝可以作为研究深海生物对金属暴露的毒理学反应的理想模型。在这里，我们评估了金属积累、传统的金属相关生物标志物，即酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、金属硫蛋白和丙二醛，以及b鳃中的代谢谱。铜（100 μg/L）、镉（500 μg/L）或铜+镉（100 μg/L Cu + 500 μg/L Cd）处理7天后，各组大鼠均呈阳性反应。本研究选择的金属暴露浓度可以在深海热液环境中找到。金属暴露导致贻贝鳃中大量的金属积累，表明b。铂藻有望作为深海金属污染水平的指标。传统的生物标志物（AKP、ACP和测量的抗氧化剂）揭示了金属暴露后贻贝的细胞损伤和氧化应激。三个处理组的代谢反应表明，金属暴露扰乱了贻贝体内的渗透调节、能量代谢和核苷酸代谢，其反应表现为氨基酸、次牛磺酸、甜菜碱、琥珀酸盐、6-磷酸葡萄糖、6-磷酸果糖、鸟苷、鸟苷5 ' -单磷酸鸟苷和肌苷水平的不同改变。然而，在每个处理暴露组中都发现了几种独特的改变代谢物，这表明两种金属类型之间的毒性模式不同。在cd暴露组中，参与抑制线粒体ROS产生的单糖D-allose被下调，这一反应与cd暴露db的氧化应激一致。platifrons。在铜暴露组中，检测到的多巴胺、多巴胺相关代谢物和血清素相关代谢物的变化表明，铜暴露db的神经传递受到干扰。platifrons。在cu + cd组中，我们检测到脂肪酸水平下降，这意味着暴露于这两种金属共同对贻贝的生理功能产生负面影响。据我们所知，这是第一个研究暴露于金属中的深海贻贝代谢物谱变化的研究。本文报道的研究结果促进了我们对金属暴露对深海生物的不利影响的理解，并可以通过使用多种生物标志物为深海采矿评估提供信息。
Greater interest in commercial deep-sea mining has been accompanied by mounting environmental concerns, including metal contamination resulting from mining activities. However, little is known about the toxic effects of metal exposure on deep-sea life. Given its ability to accumulate metals from the surrounding environment, its wide distribution at both vents and seeps, and its high abundance, the deep-sea musselBathymodiolus platifronscould serve as an ideal model to investigate the toxicological responses of deep-sea organisms to metal exposure. Here, we evaluated metal accumulation, traditional metal-related biomarkers, namely acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, metallothioneins, and malondialdehyde, as well as metabolic profiles in the gills ofB. platifronsafter a 7-day exposure to copper (100 μg/L), cadmium (500 μg/L), or copper-plus-cadmium treatments (100 μg/L Cu and 500 μg/L Cd). Metal exposure concentrations selected in this study can be found in deep-sea hydrothermal environments. Metal exposure resulted in significant metal accumulation in the gills of the mussel, indicating thatB. platifronshas promise for use as an indicator of deep-sea metal pollution levels. Traditional biomarkers (AKP, ACP, and measured antioxidants) revealed cellular injury and oxidative stress in mussels following metal exposure. Metabolic responses in the three treatment groups indicated that metal exposure perturbed osmoregulation, energy metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism in mussels, in a response marked by differentially altered levels of amino acids, hypotaurine, betaine, succinate, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, guanosine, guanosine 5′-monophosphate, and inosine. Nevertheless, several uniquely altered metabolites were found in each treatment exposure group, suggesting dissimilar modes of toxicity between the two metal types. In the Cd-exposed group, the monosaccharide D-allose, which is involved in suppressing mitochondrial ROS production, was downregulated, a response consistent with oxidative stress in Cd-exposedB. platifrons.In the Cu-exposed group, the detected alterations in dopamine, dopamine-related, and serotonin-related metabolites together suggest disturbed neurotransmission in Cu-exposedB. platifrons. In the Cu-plus-Cd group, we detected a decline in fatty acid levels, implying that exposure to both metals jointly exerted a negative influence on the physiological functioning of the mussel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate changes in metabolite profiles inBathymodiolusmussels exposed to metal. The findings reported here advance our understanding of the adverse impact of metal exposure on deep-sea life and can inform deep-sea mining assessments through the use of multiple biomarkers.