EVOLUTION OF EUSOCIALITY - THE ADVANTAGE OF ASSURED FITNESS RETURNS
EVOLUTION OF EUSOCIALITY - THE ADVANTAGE OF ASSURED FITNESS RETURNS
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1990.0146
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发表时间：
1990-07-30
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
GADAGKAR, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GADAGKAR, R
在社会性昆虫群体中发现的不育工蜂等级进化的选择压力的描述仍然是进化生物学中一个未解决的主要问题。因此，有很大的兴趣，建议的方式，其中包括健身的不育工人可能会比那些孤独的筑巢者更大。Queller's（1989）head-start hypothesis（Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.86，3224）表明，工人可能会获得相对更多的包容性健身，因为他们有机会获得不同年龄的年轻人，可以迅速带到独立的年龄，而一个孤独的foundress必须生存的整个期间，她的育雏的发展。我在这里认为，奎勒的定量分析是不正确的，因为它给了工人一个不公平的优势，要么把抚养后代的功劳完全归功于一个只照顾了很短时间的工人，要么假设一个工人在单位时间内比一个孤独的创始人做更多的工作。然而，我证明，工人确实比单独的创始人有优势，因为他们有保证的健康回报，即使是很小的数额，对于短期工作。这是由于与Queller所使用的计算方法不同，并且提供了一个更温和的优势，主要是由于节省了当孤独的创始人巢失败时所浪费的努力。使用现场和实验室数据的reactively eusocial胡蜂Ropalidia margina，并重新分析数据的四种polistine胡蜂Queller使用，我表明，这样一个“保证健身回报”的模式提供了一个选择压力的演变工人的行为，这是至少一样强的haplodiploidy，但没有后者的要求，如高水平的工蜂-育雏遗传相关性和工蜂操纵育雏性别比例的能力。
Delineation of the selective pressures responsible for the evolution of sterile worker castes found in social insect colonies remains a major unsolved problem in evolutionary biology. There has therefore been a great deal of interest in suggesting ways by which the inclusive fitness of sterile workers can potentially be larger than those of solitary nest-builders. Queller''s (1989) head-start hypothesis (Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 3224) suggests that workers may gain relatively more inclusive fitness because they have access to young of various ages which can be quickly brought to the age of independence, whereas a solitary foundress has to survive for the entire duration of the development of her brood. I argue here that Queller''s quantitative analysis is incorrect because it gives an unfair advantage to workers, either by giving full credit of rearing an offspring to a worker who only cared for it for a short while or, by assuming that a worker can do much more work per unit time than a solitary foundress. .I show, however, that workers do indeed have an advantage over olitary foundresses because they have assured fitness returns, even if in small amounts, for short periods of work. This results from a different reckoning from that used by Queller and gives a more moderate advantage, arising essentially from saving the wasted effort that occurs when lone foundress nests fail. Using field and laboratory data on the primitively eusocial wasp Ropalidia margina, and re-analyzing data on the four species of polistine wasps used by Queller, I show that such an ''assured fitness returns'' model provides a selective pressure for the evolution of worker behaviour which is at least about as strong as that of haplodiploidy, but free from such requirements of the latter as high levels of worker-brood genetic relatedness and ability of workers to manipulate brood sex ratios.