Life cycle assessment and linear programming environmental optimisation of product system
Life cycle assessment and linear programming environmental optimisation of product system
复制标题
产品系统生命周期评估与线性规划环境优化
DOI：
10.1016/0098-1354(95)87041-5
复制
发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
R. Clift
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Azapagic;R. Clift
线性规划(LP)建模在生命周期评价(LCA)中的应用是分析和管理完整产品系统环境性能的一种新方法。它不仅可以解决生命周期评价库存阶段的环境负担分配问题，而且可以对系统的环境最优进行研究。一旦根据活动的边际变化在不同的产品之间分配了环境负担，它们被聚合起来以量化环境影响，然后被简化为单一的环境影响函数，该函数被视为LP模型的新目标函数。然后，LP解决方案给出系统的最优环境，并确定可以改进的地方。如果应用多目标线性规划，则系统的环境性能可以与其他要求相结合，例如社会偏好或经济，从而给出系统性能的最佳折衷。这种方法背后的想法通过对生产热塑性塑料的系统的简化分析来说明。
Application of Linear Programming (LP) Modelling to Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a novel approach to analysing and managing the environmental performance of a complete product system. Not only can it solve the problem of allocation of environmental burdens in the Inventory stage of the LCA, but it also enables the environmental optimum of the system to be investigated. Once the environmental burdens have been allocated amongst different products on the basis of marginal changes in activities, they are aggregated to quantify environmental impacts and then reduced to a single environmental impact function which is treated as a new objective function of the LP model. The LP solution then gives the environmental optimum of the system and identifies places where improvements can be made. If multiobjective LP is applied, then the environmental performance of the system can be combined with other requirements, such as societal preferences or economics, thus giving the best compromise for the system perfomance. The idea behind this approach is illustrated by a simplified analysis of a system to produce thermoplastics.