Longitudinal sex differences during landing in knee abduction in young athletes.
Longitudinal sex differences during landing in knee abduction in young athletes.
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3181dc99b1
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发表时间：
2010-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hewett TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ford KR;Shapiro R;Myer GD;Van Den Bogert AJ;Hewett TE
这项研究的目的是确定与异常运动模式相关的生物力学和神经肌肉危险因素在青春期爆发期是否在女性中增加，但在男性中没有增加。315名受试者参加了大约相隔一年的两次测试。男性和女性受试者根据他们的成熟状态被分类为青春期或青春期后。收集了三次垂直下落跳跃(DVJ)试验。在DVJ减速阶段使用3D运动分析系统计算最大膝关节外展角度和外部力矩。比较4组受试者(女性青春期、女性青春期后、男性青春期和男性青春期后)第一年至第二年膝关节外展的变化。青春期男女在DVJ中膝关节最大外展角或最大外展时刻的性别差异无统计学意义(p>；0.05)。然而，青春期女性从第一年到第二年增加了峰值外展角度(p<；0.001)，而男性在匹配的发育阶段没有表现出类似的变化(p=0.9)。青春期后，女性最大外展角和外展力矩均大于男性(外展角度：女性-9.3±5.7°，男性-3.6±4.6°，p=0.001；力矩：女性：-21.9±13.5Nm，男性：-13.0±12.0Nm，p=0.017)。这项研究通过纵向分析发现，青春期女性在青春期快速发育期间膝关节外展角度显著增加，而男性没有表现出类似的变化。此外，在青春期快速成长的年轻女性运动员中，在接下来的一年里，与男性相比，膝关节外展运动和瞬间明显更大。纵向、性别和成熟组差异的组合表明，青春期早期似乎是一个关键阶段，与增加前交叉韧带损伤危险因素的差异有关。
The objective of this study was to determine if biomechanical and neuromuscular risk factors related to abnormal movement patterns increased in females, but not males, during the adolescent growth spurt. 315 subjects participated in two testing sessions approximately one year apart. Male and female subjects were classified based on their maturation status as pubertal or post-pubertal. Three trials of a drop vertical jump (DVJ) were collected. Maximum knee abduction angle and external moments were calculated during the DVJ deceleration phase using a 3D motion analysis system. Changes in knee abduction from the first to second year were compared among four subject groups (female pubertal, female post-pubertal, male pubertal and male post-pubertal). There were no sex differences in peak knee abduction angle or moment during DVJ between pubertal males and females (p>0.05). However, pubertal females increased peak abduction angle from the first to second year (p<0.001), while males demonstrated no similar change (p=0.90) in the matched developmental stages. Following puberty, the peak abduction angle and moment were greater in females relative to males (angle: female -9.3±5.7°, male -3.6±4.6°, p<0.001; moment: female:-21.9±13.5 Nm, male:-13.0±12.0 Nm, p=0.017). This study identified, through longitudinal analyses, that knee abduction angle was significantly increased in pubertal females during rapid adolescent growth, while males showed no similar change. In addition, knee abduction motion and moments were significantly greater for subsequent year in young female athletes, following rapid adolescent growth, compared to males. The combination of longitudinal, sex and maturational group differences indicate that early puberty appears to be a critical phase related to the divergence of increased ACL injury risk factors.