Disaster preparedness of households with special needs in southeastern Pennsylvania.
Disaster preparedness of households with special needs in southeastern Pennsylvania.
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宾夕法尼亚州东南部有特殊需要的家庭的备灾。
DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2009.04.028
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Michael G. Hagen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Uscher;A. Hausman;Sarah Powell;Phillip DeMara;George Heake;Michael G. Hagen
背景 残疾人在疏散紧急情况下特别脆弱，他们在获取应对和恢复资源方面面临诸多挑战。目的本研究的目的是比较有或没有特殊需要成员的家庭的准备行为。方法 2008 年对宾夕法尼亚州东南部的 501 名成年人进行了随机数字拨号电话调查。调查工具收集了有关社会人口特征、残疾状况/功能限制和准备情况的数据。与紧急疏散相关的行为。分析于 2009 年进行，包括多重逻辑回归。对数据进行加权，以纠正选择和响应的不平等概率。 结果 百分之九 (n = 95) 的受访者表示，他们居住的家庭中有人有与交通相关的特殊需要，在紧急情况下需要援助。有特殊需要成员的家庭安排见面地点的可能性更大（OR=2.2；95% CI=1.26, 3.88）；找到避难所（OR=1.8；95% CI=1.05, 3.24）；或包装袋（OR=1.8；95% CI=1.02, 3.21）。在对疏散路线的认识、购买食物和水或制定指导疏散决策的应急计划方面，没有发现显着差异。 结论 尽管有特殊需要的家庭更容易遭受灾害，而且政府和非政府组织发布了大量信息，但他们并没有更有可能参与计划和购买等耗时的准备行为。了解特殊需要群体的动机和行为对于设计知情的风险沟通信息和干预措施以加强最脆弱人群的准备至关重要。
BACKGROUNDIndividuals with disabilities are disproportionately vulnerable in evacuation emergencies, and they face numerous challenges accessing resources for response and recovery.PURPOSEThe aim of this study was to compare the preparedness behaviors of households with and without special-needs members.METHODSA random-digit-dial telephone survey was conducted of 501 adults in southeastern Pennsylvania in 2008. The survey instrument gathered data on sociodemographic characteristics, disability status/functional limitations, and preparedness behaviors related to an evacuation emergency. Analyses were conducted in 2009 and included multiple logistic regressions. Data were weighted to correct for unequal probabilities of selection and response.RESULTSNineteen percent (n=95) of respondents reported living in a household in which someone had a transportation-related special need requiring assistance in case of an emergency. Households with a special-needs member had greater odds of having arranged a place to meet (OR=2.2; 95% CI=1.26, 3.88); located a shelter (OR=1.8; 95% CI=1.05, 3.24); or packed a bag (OR=1.8; 95% CI=1.02, 3.21). No significant differences were identified with respect to awareness of evacuation routes, purchasing of food and water, or creation of an emergency plan to guide evacuation decision-making.CONCLUSIONSDespite both greater vulnerability to disaster and numerous messages by governmental and nongovernmental organizations, households with special-needs members are not more likely to engage in time-consuming preparedness behaviors such as planning and buying. Understanding the motivations and behaviors of special-needs groups is critical to designing informed risk-communication messages and interventions to bolster the preparedness of the most vulnerable populations.