Associations between demographic factors and the academic trajectories of medical students in Japan
Associations between demographic factors and the academic trajectories of medical students in Japan
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0233371
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发表时间：
2020-05-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kinoshita, Atsuhiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nawa, Nobutoshi;Numasawa, Mitsuyuki;Kinoshita, Atsuhiro
基于背景组的轨迹建模是对学生学业轨迹及其决定因素进行分类的有用工具。利用从分析中获得的见解，我们可以识别有学习成绩不佳风险的学生，并对他们进行监控以提供支持。迄今为止，调查人口因素与医学生学业表现轨迹之间关系的研究很少。本研究目的是利用群体轨迹模型，探讨人口统计学因素与医学生学业表现轨迹之间的关系。方法研究对象为2013年和2014年在日本东京医科牙科大学（Tokyo medical and Dental University）入学的所有医科学生（n = 202）。临床前几年的学业成绩以两年一次的平均绩点（GPA）评分来评估。我们使用基于组的轨迹建模将学生分为GPA轨迹。采用多项逻辑回归检验某一GPA轨迹组的概率与人口统计学因素（如高中类型、高中地理区域、入学考试类型、高中毕业年份、学生是否为生物专业和性别）之间的关系。结果学生的GPA轨迹分为4个轨迹组，另一个轨迹组由退学或复读的学生组成。我们发现，高中地理区域在国家首都地区以外的学生退学或复读的可能性是国家首都地区内学生的7.2倍（or: 7.21, 95% CI: 1.87, 27.76）。此外，入学考试类型、高中毕业年份和性别与GPA轨迹相关。结论高中地理区域、入学考试类型、高中毕业年份和性别与GPA轨迹相关。这些发现为识别有学习成绩不佳风险的学生和监控他们提供充分和及时支持的策略提供了重要的见解。
BackgroundGroup-based trajectory modeling is a useful tool for categorizing students' academic trajectories and their determinants. Using insights gained from the analyses, we can identify students at risk for poor academic performance and monitor them to provide support. To date, studies investigating the associations between demographic factors and academic performance trajectories among medical students are scarce. The study objective was to examine the associations between demographic factors and academic performance trajectories in medical students using group-based trajectory modeling.MethodsParticipants included all medical students admitted to Tokyo Medical and Dental University in Japan in 2013 and 2014 (n = 202). Academic performance was evaluated by biannual grade point average (GPA) scores in preclinical years. We used group-based trajectory modeling to categorize students into GPA trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between the odds of being in a certain GPA trajectory group and demographic factors such as high school type, high school geographical area, admission test type, high school graduation year, whether the student was a biology major, and sex.ResultsStudents' GPA trajectories were classified into four trajectory groups as well as another group that consisted of students who withdrew or repeated years. We found that students whose high school geographical area was outside the National Capital Region were 7.2 times more likely to withdraw or repeat years in comparison with students whose school was inside the National Capital Region (OR: 7.21, 95% CI: 1.87, 27.76). In addition, admission test type, high school graduation year, and sex were associated with GPA trajectories.ConclusionsHigh school geographical area, admission test type, high school graduation year, and sex were associated with GPA trajectories. These findings provide important insights into identifying students at risk for poor academic performance and strategies for monitoring them to provide adequate and timely support.