How Do We Recognize Emotion From Movement? Specific Motor Components Contribute to the Recognition of Each Emotion
How Do We Recognize Emotion From Movement? Specific Motor Components Contribute to the Recognition of Each Emotion
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01389
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发表时间：
2019-07-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Tsachor, Rochelle Palnick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Melzer, Ayelet;Shafir, Tal;Tsachor, Rochelle Palnick
是否存在被大多数人认为可以表达每种基本情绪的动作特征？它们是什么？在我们之前的研究中，我们确定了拉班动作的组成部分，当移动时，会引发愤怒、悲伤、恐惧和快乐的基本情绪。我们目前的研究目的是调查由这些组合组成的动作是否会被识别为表达这些情绪，而不管动作者是否有任何表达情绪的指令。我们的刺激包括113个视频片段，五个认证拉班动作分析师（cma）的动作组合，每组2到4个动作成分只与一种情绪相关：快乐、悲伤、恐惧或愤怒。每三秒钟的片段显示一个CMA移动一个组合。cma只移动组合所需的组件。年龄在19-48岁之间的62名身心健康的男性（31名）和女性（31名）观看了这些视频片段，并对感知到的情绪及其强度进行了评分。为了确认参与者从运动中识别情绪的能力，并将我们的刺激与现有的已验证的情绪表达刺激进行比较，参与者评估了50个额外的由Atkinson等人（2004）验证的相同情绪的身体运动表达片段。结果表明，对于两种刺激类型，所有情绪都被识别出来，远高于偶然水平。比较两种剪辑类型的识别准确率发现，从Atkinson的演员表达情绪的剪辑中，识别愤怒、恐惧和中性情绪的准确率更高，对快乐和悲伤的识别准确率也相似。进一步的分析是为了确定特定的运动成分对所研究情绪的识别的贡献。我们的研究结果表明，这些特定的拉班运动成分不仅在运动时增强了对相关情绪的感受，而且在被观察时也有助于识别相关情绪，即使运动者没有被指示描绘情绪，这表明仅这些运动成分的存在就足以识别情绪。这种基于研究的关于拉班运动成分和身体情绪表达之间关系的知识，可以被舞蹈动作和戏剧治疗师用来更好地理解来访者的情绪运动，创造适当的干预措施，并加强与其他从业者在身体情绪表达方面的沟通。
Are there movement features that are recognized as expressing each basic emotion by most people, and what are they? In our previous study we identified sets of Laban movement components that, when moved, elicited the basic emotions of anger, sadness, fear, and happiness. Our current study aimed to investigate if movements composed from those sets would be recognized as expressing those emotions, regardless of any instruction to the mover to portray emotion. Our stimuli included 113 video-clips of five Certified Laban Movement Analysts (CMAs) moving combinations of two to four movement components from each set associated with only one emotion: happiness, sadness, fear, or anger. Each three second clip showed one CMA moving a single combination. The CMAs moved only the combination's required components. Sixty-two physically and mentally healthy men (n = 31) and women (n = 31), ages 19-48, watched the clips and rated the perceived emotion and its intensity. To confirm participants' ability to recognize emotions from movement and to compare our stimuli to existing validated emotional expression stimuli, participants rated 50 additional clips of bodily motor expressions of these same emotions validated by Atkinson et al. (2004). Results showed that for both stimuli types, all emotions were recognized far above chance level. Comparing recognition accuracy of the two clip types revealed better recognition of anger, fear, and neutral emotion from Atkinson's clips of actors expressing emotions, and similar levels of recognition accuracy for happiness and sadness. Further analysis was performed to determine the contribution of specific movement components to the recognition of the studied emotions. Our results indicated that these specific Laban motor components not only enhance feeling the associated emotions when moved, but also contribute to recognition of the associated emotions when being observed, even when the mover was not instructed to portray emotion, indicating that the presence of these movement components alone is sufficient for emotion recognition. This research-based knowledge regarding the relationship between Laban motor components and bodily emotional expressions can be used by dance-movement and drama therapists for better understanding of clients' emotional movements, for creating appropriate interventions, and for enhancing communication with other practitioners regarding bodily emotional expression.