Prefrontal Cortex and Social Cognition in Mouse and Man.
Prefrontal Cortex and Social Cognition in Mouse and Man.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01805
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Morishita H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bicks LK;Koike H;Akbarian S;Morishita H
社会认知是一个复杂的过程，需要整合各种行为，包括突显、奖赏、动机、对自我和他人的认识，并在社会群体中灵活地调整行为。毫不奇怪，社会认知是一个敏感领域，通常在包括自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和精神分裂症(SCZ)在内的各种精神疾病的病理中受到干扰。在这里，我们讨论了从动物模型到人类疾病的趋同研究，这些研究表明前额叶皮质(PFC)是社会认知中的关键调节因素，表明前额叶微电路的中断在具有共同社会缺陷的精神疾病的病理生理学中起着至关重要的作用。我们采用社会认知的翻译视角，回顾了啮齿动物和人类正常社会加工所必需的三个关键行为，包括社会动机、社会认可和支配等级。一个共享的前额叶回路可能是这些行为的基础。在ASD和SCZ等神经发育障碍的动物模型中，社会认知缺陷通常与皮质内兴奋和抑制平衡(E/I比率)的改变有关，特别是PFC。PFC中E/I比率的改变可能导致各种行为的社会认知中断的机制还没有被很好地理解。未来的研究应该探索前额叶微电路的发育轨迹被破坏如何导致E/I平衡改变以及随后的社会领域的缺陷。
Social cognition is a complex process that requires the integration of a wide variety of behaviors, including salience, reward-seeking, motivation, knowledge of self and others, and flexibly adjusting behavior in social groups. Not surprisingly, social cognition represents a sensitive domain commonly disrupted in the pathology of a variety of psychiatric disorders including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ). Here, we discuss convergent research from animal models to human disease that implicates the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a key regulator in social cognition, suggesting that disruptions in prefrontal microcircuitry play an essential role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders with shared social deficits. We take a translational perspective of social cognition, and review three key behaviors that are essential to normal social processing in rodents and humans, including social motivation, social recognition, and dominance hierarchy. A shared prefrontal circuitry may underlie these behaviors. Social cognition deficits in animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders like ASD and SCZ have been linked to an altered balance of excitation and inhibition (E/I ratio) within the cortex generally, and PFC specifically. A clear picture of the mechanisms by which altered E/I ratio in the PFC might lead to disruptions of social cognition across a variety of behaviors is not well understood. Future studies should explore how disrupted developmental trajectory of prefrontal microcircuitry could lead to altered E/I balance and subsequent deficits in the social domain.