Assessing the Effectiveness of Tobacco 21 Laws to Reduce Underage Access to Tobacco: Protocol for a Repeated Multi-Site Study.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Tobacco 21 Laws to Reduce Underage Access to Tobacco: Protocol for a Repeated Multi-Site Study.
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DOI：
10.3390/mps6020027
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发表时间：
2023-03-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Delnevo CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hrywna M;Kong AY;Ackerman C;Giovenco DP;Spillane TE;Lee JGL;Hudson SV;Delnevo CD
在2019年12月通过联邦法律之前，许多州通过了一项提高销售年龄的法律，禁止21岁以下的青少年（或烟草21岁）购买烟草产品，包括电子烟。虽然以前的研究已经记录了烟草零售销售违规行为，但很少有研究在烟草21或在各种环境中重复购买尝试的背景下审查年龄验证和非法烟草销售。在2019年至2022年进行的这项研究中，年龄在18至20岁之间的买家在新泽西，纽约市和皮特县（北卡罗来纳州）的180多家烟草或电子烟零售商处反复无监督地购买香烟，雪茄，电子烟，无烟草尼古丁袋和无烟烟草。购买者记录他们是否被要求提供身份证明，以及他们是否能够在每次访问时成功购买烟草或尼古丁产品。主要结果将是零售商在商店访问时检查买家身份的百分比以及导致成功购买未成年烟草产品的访问百分比。我们将比较不同时间段、研究地点、产品和买家特征（即，性别、少数种族/民族身份），同时控制重复访问。这些结果将为改善目前的合规检查检查计划以及减少青少年接触烟草的干预措施提供信息。
Prior to the federal law passed in December 2019, many states passed an increased age of sale law prohibiting youth under age 21 (or Tobacco 21) from purchasing tobacco products, including e-cigarettes. Although previous research has documented tobacco retail sale violations, fewer studies have examined age verification and illegal tobacco sales in the context of Tobacco 21 or repeated purchase attempts in various settings. In this study conducted between 2019 and 2022, buyers aged 18 to 20 years made repeated unsupervised purchase attempts of cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, tobacco-free nicotine pouches, and smokeless tobacco at over 180 tobacco or e-cigarette retailers in New Jersey, New York City, and Pitt County (North Carolina). Buyers documented whether they were asked for identification and whether they were able to successfully purchase a tobacco or nicotine product at each visit. The primary outcome will be the percent of retailers that checked the buyers’ identification at store visits and the percent of visits that resulted in a successful underage tobacco product purchase. We will compare the results across time periods, study sites, products, and buyer characteristics (i.e., gender, minoritized racial/ethnic identity) while controlling for repeated visits. These results will inform improvements to current compliance check inspection programs as well as interventions that reduce youth access to tobacco.