Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, central Philippines
Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, central Philippines
复制标题
DOI：
10.3354/meps132001
复制
发表时间：
1996-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
G. Russ;A. Alcala
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Russ;A. Alcala
在珊瑚礁渔业管理中利用海洋保护区的一个常见期望是通过成鱼（定居后）从保护区到捕捞区的移动来维持或提高邻近保护区的产量（所谓的“溢出效应”）。这种效应的证明很少见。本文报告了对大型掠食性珊瑚礁鱼类[Serranidae (Epinephelinae)、Lutjanidae) 密度进行水下目视普查监测所得的一些间接证据。在 10 年的时间里（1983 年至 1993 年），在菲律宾中部阿波岛的一个小型海洋保护区内和邻近的 Lethrinidae 和 Carangidae 作为一个群体]。阿波岛的曼尼保护区（保护区）于 1982 年建立，在研究期间受到保护，禁止捕鱼。非保护区向多达 200 名市政渔民开放，允许使用传统渔具（竹子）进行捕捞。在保护区和非保护区调查中，大型捕食性鱼类的平均密度和物种丰富度与保护区保护期限（1 至 11 年）呈显着正相关，从保护区边界到非保护区的最小距离为 200 m。距保护区边界 200 至 300、300 至 400 和 400 至 500 m 处的掠食性鱼类与均匀分布没有显着差异（卡方检验，p > 0.05）。在保护期的 9 至 11 年期间，这些鱼类在最靠近保护区的区域（即在 200 至 200 至 500 m 处）的密度显着较高。 300 m 面积，卡方检验，p < 0.05）。该直观普查数据与建议的从保护区到非保护区的成鱼出口模型一致，1986 年和 1992 年收集的访谈数据显示，自保护区实施以来，渔民一致认为其产量有所增加，本研究为从保护区到捕捞区的成鱼出口提供了证据。
A frequent expectation of the use of marine reserves in management of coral reef fisheries is maintenance or enhancement of yields to areas adjacent to reserves by adult (post-settlement) movements from reserve to fished areas (the so-called 'spillover effect'). Demonstration of this effect has been rare. This paper reports on some circumstantial evidence derived from underwater visual census monitoring of densities of large predatory coral reef fish [Serranidae (Epinephelinae), Lutjanidae. Lethrinidae and Carangidae as a group] inside and adjacent to a small marine reserve at Apo Island in the central Philippines over a 10 yr period (1983 to 1993) The manne reserve (sanctuary] at Apo Island was established in 1982 and was protected from fishlng for the duration of the study. The non-reserve area was open to flshing by up to 200 municipal f~shers using traditional fishing gear (bamboo traps, hooks and l~nes , gill nets and spears). Significant positive correlations of both mean density and species richness of large predatory fish with duration of reserve protection (from 1 to 11 yr) were observed in both the reserve and non-reserve areas surveyed. The minimum d~s tance from the boundary of the reserve to the non-reserve area surveyed was 200 m During the first 8 yr of reserve protection combined, the density of large predatory flsh at distancc,i 200 to 300. 300 to 400 and 400 to 500 m from the reserve boundary did not differ significantly fro111 an even distribution (chi-squared test, p > 0.05). During the period of 9 to 11 yr of protection combined, there was a significantly higher density of these fish in the area closest to the reserve (i.e. in the 200 to 300 m area, chi-squared test, p < 0.05). This visual census data is consistent with a proposed model of adult fish export from the reserve to the non-reserve areas. Along with interview data collected in 1986 and 1992 that showed that fishers were unanimous that their yields had increased since the reserve was implemented, this study provides evidence for export of adult fish from reserve to fished areas.