Developing animals flout prominent assumptions of ecological physiology
Developing animals flout prominent assumptions of ecological physiology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.03.010
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Burggren, WW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burggren, WW
生物学的每一个领域都有自己的假设，但当它们成为教条时，它们就可能成为限制。本文提出了基于数据的挑战，发展生理学家的几个突出的假设。异速生长的普遍存在就是这样一种假设，然而动物发育的特征是与异速生长预测相反的速率变化。生理复杂性被认为是随着发展而增加，但提供的例子表明，复杂性可以是最大的中间发育阶段。一般认为，胚胎和成体的器官功能相当，但胚胎结构的功能可能与从成体推断的功能完全不同。另一个受到挑战的假设是神经控制的双重性（通常是交感神经和副交感神经），因为这两种调节机制中的一种通常在发育中大大先于另一种的出现。最后一个受到挑战的假设是，不同的胚胎发育在胚胎中产生不同的生理学，就像在成年人中一样，而事实上，在发育早期，不同的脊椎动物类群表现出很大的数量和质量相似性。总的来说，这些基于成体研究的突出假设的不适当性表明，对胚胎、幼虫和胎儿的研究应考虑其潜在的独特生理学。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Every field of biology has its assumptions, but when they grow to be dogma, they can become constraining. This essay presents data-based challenges to several prominent assumptions of developmental physiologists. The ubiquity of allometry is such an assumption, yet animal development is characterized by rate changes that are counter to allometric predictions. Physiological complexity is assumed to increase with development, but examples are provided showing that complexity can be greatest at intermediate developmental stages. It is assumed that organs have functional equivalency in embryos and adults, yet embryonic structures can have quite different functions than inferred from adults. Another assumption challenged is the duality of neural control (typically sympathetic and parasympathetic), since one of these two regulatory mechanisms typically considerably precedes in development the appearance of the other. A final assumption challenged is the notion that divergent phylogeny creates divergent physiologies in embryos just as in adults, when in fact early in development disparate vertebrate taxa show great quantitative as well as qualitative similarity. Collectively, the inappropriateness of these prominent assumptions based on adult studies suggests that investigation of embryos, larvae and fetuses be conducted with appreciation for their potentially unique physiologies. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.