Ecosystem restoration and conservation in the arid inland river basins of Northwest China: Problems and strategies
Ecosystem restoration and conservation in the arid inland river basins of Northwest China: Problems and strategies
复制标题
西北干旱内陆河流域生态系统恢复与保护：问题与对策
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.107
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Min Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yonghua Zhu;Yaning Chen;Liliang Ren;Haishen Lü;Wenzhi Zhao;Fei Yuan;Min Xu
西北干旱内陆河流域下游依赖地下水的生态系统由于中游地区过度的社会经济开发导致水资源供应减少而退化。退化的GDE导致了严重的生态环境问题，如终端湖泊干涸，河道移位，河岸林减少，沙漠活化，沙漠沙尘暴加剧，次生土壤盐渍化。这些问题进一步阻碍了地方和区域的可持续发展努力。为解决生态环境问题，2000年启动了生态系统保护和恢复工程。该项目已经进行了15年，但问题仍然存在。以黑河和塔里木河流域为例，阐述了西北干旱内陆河下游生态环境问题及其成因，描述了生态系统恢复与保护现状，分析了当前生态系统保护与恢复中存在的问题，提出了实现下游生态系统可持续恢复的对策。
Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) in the lower reaches of arid inland river basins of Northwest China have degraded because of a decrease in water supply caused by excessive socio-economic development in the middle reaches of the river. The degraded GDEs have resulted in serious eco-environmental problems, such as drying of terminal lakes, river channel shifts, declines in riparian forest, desert activation, intensification of desert dust storms, and salinization of secondary soils. These problems have further hindered local and regional efforts at sustainable development. An ecosystem conservation and restoration project was initiated in 2000 in order to deal with the eco-environmental problems. The project has been underway for 15 years, but problems still exist. Using the Heihe River and Tarim River basins as examples, this paper explains the ecological–environmental problems and their causes, describes with the status of ecosystem restoration and conservation, analyzes the problems in the ongoing ecosystem conservation and restoration, and suggests strategies for achieving sustainable ecosystem restoration in the lower reaches of the arid inland river basins of Northwest China.