Feeding modes shape the acquisition and structure of the initial gut microbiota in newborn lambs
Feeding modes shape the acquisition and structure of the initial gut microbiota in newborn lambs
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.14614
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Diao, Qiyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bi, Yanliang;Cox, Madison S.;Diao, Qiyu
早期肠道微生物定植对于产后代谢和免疫发育非常重要。然而，人们对不同喂养方式（哺乳与奶瓶喂养）或微生物来源对农场动物这一过程的影响知之甚少。我们发现哺乳和奶瓶喂养的新生羔羊有自己独特的肠道微生物群。 16S rRNA基因测序和qPCR结果显示，与哺乳相比，奶瓶喂养显着增加了埃希氏菌/志贺氏菌、丁酸球菌和梭菌XlVa的丰度，而显着降低了梭菌XI的丰度。奶瓶喂养的羔羊中埃希氏菌/志贺氏菌含量较高，表明人工喂养可能会增加潜在病原体的数量，并延迟厌氧环境和厌氧微生物的建立。喂养方式还影响细菌从母亲和环境直接传播给新生儿。 SourceTracker分析估计，哺乳羔羊的早期肠道微生物主要来自母亲的乳头（43%）和环境空气（28%）；而奶瓶喂养的羔羊的细菌主要来自母亲的阴道（46%）、环境空气（31%）和羊圈地板（12%）。这些发现增进了我们对生命早期肠道微生物群的理解，并可能有助于设计改善肠道微生物群和健康的技术。
Early gut microbial colonization is important for postnatal metabolic and immune development. However, little is known about the effects of different feeding modes (suckling versus bottle-feeding) or microbial sources on this process in farm animals. We found that suckled and bottle-fed newborn lambs had their own distinct gut microbiota. Results from 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR showed that, compared with suckling, bottle feeding significantly increased the abundances of Escherichia/Shigella, Butyricicoccus, and Clostridium XlVa, while significantly decreased the abundance of Clostridium XI. The higher levels of Escherichia/Shigella in bottle-fed lambs suggest that artificial feeding may increase the number of potential pathogens and delay the establishment of the anaerobic environment and anaerobic microbes. Feeding modes also affected the direct transmission of bacteria from the mother and the environment to newborns. The SourceTracker analysis estimated that the early gut microbes of suckled lambs were mainly derived from the mother's teats (43%) and ambient air (28%); whereas those of bottle-fed lambs were dominated by bacteria from the mother's vagina (46%), ambient air (31%), and the sheep pen floor (12%). These findings advance our understanding of gut microbiota in early life and may help design techniques to improve gut microbiota and health.