Diverse Physiological Functions of Cation Proton Antiporters across Bacteria and Plant Cells
Diverse Physiological Functions of Cation Proton Antiporters across Bacteria and Plant Cells
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/ijms21124566
复制
发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Masaru Tsujii;Ellen Tanudjaja;N. Uozumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masaru Tsujii;Ellen Tanudjaja;N. Uozumi
细胞膜内转运系统在维持细胞质和细胞器内离子和pH稳态以及形成质子动力方面起着重要作用。在大多数生物体中，阳离子/质子反转运蛋白（CPAs）响应各种环境刺激，介导K+、Na+和Ca2+在膜上交换H+。确定了离子选择过滤器的三级结构和大肠杆菌cpa的调控结构域，并提出了阳离子交换的分子机制。由于共生关系，真核细胞的线粒体和叶绿体中的CPAs与原核细胞的CPAs相似。CPAs主要有助于保持细胞质Na+浓度低和控制pH，从而促进亲电试剂的解毒和跨膜质子动力的形成。蓝细菌和叶绿体中的cpa是光合作用的调节器，是适应强光或渗透胁迫所必需的。细胞器膜和质膜上的cpa也参与多种胞内信号转导途径。这篇综述讨论了最近的进展，在我们的认识的作用，cpa在蓝藻和植物细胞。
Membrane intrinsic transport systems play an important role in maintaining ion and pH homeostasis and forming the proton motive force in the cytoplasm and cell organelles. In most organisms, cation/proton antiporters (CPAs) mediate the exchange of K+, Na+ and Ca2+ for H+ across the membrane in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. The tertiary structure of the ion selective filter and the regulatory domains of Escherichia coli CPAs have been determined and a molecular mechanism of cation exchange has been proposed. Due to symbiogenesis, CPAs localized in mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells resemble prokaryotic CPAs. CPAs primarily contribute to keeping cytoplasmic Na+ concentrations low and controlling pH, which promotes the detoxification of electrophiles and formation of proton motive force across the membrane. CPAs in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts are regulators of photosynthesis and are essential for adaptation to high light or osmotic stress. CPAs in organellar membranes and in the plasma membrane also participate in various intracellular signal transduction pathways. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the role of CPAs in cyanobacteria and plant cells.