Analysis of key molecules of the innate immune system in mammary epithelial cells isolated from marker-assisted and conventionally selected cattle
Analysis of key molecules of the innate immune system in mammary epithelial cells isolated from marker-assisted and conventionally selected cattle
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.2008-1954
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wellnitz, O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Griesbeck-Zilch, B.;Osman, M.;Wellnitz, O.
乳腺炎是奶牛群中最普遍的传染病。采用考虑乳房炎易感性的育种计划作为改善乳房健康状况的方法。近几十年来，基于表型特征的常规选择标准（如乳汁中的体细胞评分）已被广泛用于选择动物。最近，由于检测到影响乳腺炎抗性的数量性状位点（QTL），整合分子信息的方法已变得可行。本研究的目的是探索乳腺炎抗性的分子机制和牛18号染色体上发现的影响乳房健康的QTL的遗传机制。建立了对乳腺炎易感性高或低的小母牛的乳腺上皮细胞的原代细胞培养物。根据估计的系谱育种值进行选择或根据利用QTL信息的标记辅助选择进行选择。用热灭活的乳腺炎病原体（大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）攻击1、6和24 h后，使用定量实时PCR测量先天免疫系统的10个关键分子的mRNA表达，并根据选择标准比较高敏感性组和低敏感性组的表达水平。在标记物辅助选择组中，从不太敏感的动物分离的细胞中的toll样受体2、肿瘤坏死因子-α、IL-1 β、IL-6、IL-8、RANTES（在活化后调节，正常t细胞表达和分泌）、补体因子C3和乳铁蛋白的mRNA表达显著升高。在估计的系谱育种值组中，仅V-rel网状内皮组织增生症病毒癌基因同源物A、IL-1 β和RANTES的mRNA表达显著升高。这些观察结果提供了第一次深入了解基因决定的分歧反应病原体在牛乳腺，并表明QTL信息的应用可能是一个成功的工具，选择动物抗乳腺炎。
Mastitis is the most prevalent infectious disease in dairy herds. Breeding programs considering mastitis susceptibility were adopted as approaches to improve udder health status. In recent decades, conventional selection criteria based on phenotypic characteristics such as somatic cell score in milk have been widely used to select animals. Recently, approaches to incorporate molecular information have become feasible because of the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting mastitis resistance. The aims of the study were to explore molecular mechanisms underlying mastitis resistance and the genetic mechanisms underlying a QTL on Bos taurus chromosome 18 found to influence udder health. Primary cell cultures of mammary epithelial cells from heifers that were selected for high or low susceptibility to mastitis were established. Selection based on estimated pedigree breeding value or on the basis of marker-assisted selection using QTL information was implemented. The mRNA expression of 10 key molecules of the innate immune system was measured using quantitative real-time PCR after 1, 6, and 24 h of challenge with heat-inactivated mastitis pathogens (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and expression levels in the high and low susceptibility groups were compared according to selection criteria. In the marker-assisted selection groups, mRNA expression in cells isolated from less-susceptible animals was significantly elevated for toll-like receptor 2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal t-cell expressed and secreted), complement factor C3, and lactoferrin. In the estimated pedigree breeding value groups, mRNA expression was significantly elevated only for V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A, IL-1 beta, and RANTES. These observations provide first insights into genetically determined divergent reactions to pathogens in the bovine mammary gland and indicate that the application of QTL information could be a successful tool for the selection of animals resistant to mastitis.