Data and Copyright
Data and Copyright
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数据和版权
DOI：
10.1002/bul2.2016.1720420607
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Cindy Kristof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cindy Kristof
原始数据不受版权保护，但数据库作为数据的汇编，却受到了不同的对待。早期的法律解释在“汗水”原则下尊重编译者的工作，直到1991年最高法院裁定，需要少量的创造力才能获得版权保护。法院还裁定，国际新闻社（International News Service）通过电传其竞争对手收集的新闻侵犯了美联社（Associated Press）的权利，而且美联社的工作受到州法律“挪用原则”的保护。该案件是1997年一起案件的基础，在该案中，美国篮球协会起诉摩托罗拉公司通过寻呼机传输实时比赛数据，使被告成为提供该服务的竞争对手。数据库必须选择、协调和安排具有一定创造性的数据，以获得版权保护，数据库生产者使用措辞谨慎的合同来保护他们的作品。图书馆员必须了解数据库的版权和合同细节以及其中数据的学术用途。
EDITOR'S SUMMARYRaw data is not open to copyright, but databases, as compilations of data, have been treated differently. Early legal interpretations respected the compiler's work under the “sweat of the brow” doctrine, until the Supreme Court ruled in 1991 that a modicum of creativity was required to earn copyright protection. The Court also ruled the International News Service infringed on the rights of the Associated Press (AP) by telegraphing news gathered by its competitor, and that the AP's work was protected under state law through the “misappropriation doctrine.” The case was the basis of a 1997 case in which the National Basketball Association sued Motorola for transmitting real time game data by pager, making the defendant a competitor in providing the service. Databases must select, coordinate and arrange data with some creativity to earn copyright protection, and database producers use carefully worded contracts to protect their works. Librarians must be aware of copyright and contract details for databases and the scholarly use of data therein.