Determination of gradient elastic tensors: stress and strain dependencies of electric field gradients in cubic and hexagonal systems

Determination of gradient elastic tensors: stress and strain dependencies of electric field gradients in cubic and hexagonal systems
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梯度弹性张量的确定:立方体和六方体系统中电场梯度的应力和应变依赖性

DOI:
10.1088/0953-8984/27/5/055401
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
H. Hofsäss
H. Hofsäss
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Brüsewitz;U. Vetter;H. Hofsäss

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我们提出了梯度弹性张量独立分量的从头计算,即所谓的梯度弹性常数,它将电场梯度张量与应力或应变张量联系起来。立方和六方金属、MAX 相和氧化锌的常数是在密度泛函理论框架内通过使用 WIEN2k 代码中实现的增强平面波加局域轨道方法确定的。与实验梯度弹性常数和电场梯度应力依赖性的比较表明,计算常数的准确度约为 30%,与检测场梯度是自体原子还是外来原子的探针无关。对于所有研究的材料,电场梯度的变化是由应变引起的 p 和 d 态在价态区域的不对称占据而发生的。电场梯度的体积和结构依赖性可以直接从这种基本方法确定,并且对于六方密堆积金属来说,与理想密堆积周围电场梯度消失和大于 1 的体积依赖性一致。这些计算的概念适用于任何超精细相互作用方法,因此可用于获取有关无法获得实验梯度弹性常数的系统中的固有应变的信息。
We present ab-initio calculations of the independent components of gradient elastic tensors, so-called gradient elastic constants, which relate electric field gradient tensors to stress or strain tensors. The constants of cubic and hexagonal metals, MAX phases, and zinc oxide were determined within the framework of density functional theory by using the augmented plane waves plus local orbitals method implemented in the WIEN2k code. Comparison with experimental gradient elastic constants and electric field gradients' stress dependencies suggest an accuracy of about 30% of the calculated constants, independent of the probe that detects the field gradient being self-or foreign-atom. Changes in the electric field gradient take place by strain-induced asymmetric occupations of the p and d states in the valence region for all investigated materials. Volume and structural dependencies of the electric field gradient can directly be determined from this fundamental approach and are, for hexagonal closed packed metals, consistent with vanishing electric field gradients around ideal close packing and volume dependencies larger than one. The concept of these calculations is applicable in any hyperfine interaction method and, thus, can be used to gain information about intrinsic strains in systems where the experimental gradient elastic constants are inaccessible.
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