Composition of the cell walls of different asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) tissues.
Composition of the cell walls of different asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) tissues.
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不同芦笋（芦笋）组织细胞壁的组成。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb05680.x
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Selvendran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Waldron;R. Selvendran
芦笋（Asparagus officinalis L.）CV. Connovor Collossus）的组织结构：（1）无维管束的髓部，（2）含有薄壁组织和维管束的薄壁组织和纤维I和纤维II（PFI和PFII），（3）厚壁组织鞘，（4）表皮层和亚表皮层，（5）芦笋维管纤维（AVF）。这些组织的醇不溶性残留物（AIR）不含淀粉。分析了它们的水分和蛋白质，并通过两个水解程序释放了糖组分，这有助于将糖与非纤维素多糖和纤维素区分开来。来自髓部和表皮组织的AIR中木糖含量相对较低，但富含纤维素葡萄糖以及与果胶多糖相关的糖，如半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖。它们的主要成分多糖（量减少）被推断为果胶多糖，纤维素和半纤维素。厚壁组织中的AIR富含葡萄糖和木糖，表明存在大量的纤维素和（酸性）木聚糖。PFI、PFII和AVF的AIR除了其它糖之外还含有显著量的木糖，并且推断存在的主要多糖是果胶多糖、纤维素和半纤维素，其中显著比例可能是酸性木聚糖。AIR的甲基化分析证实了上述推断。大部分葡糖基残基是（1-4）-连接的，并且在所有制备物中存在少量但显著量的（1-4，6）-连接的葡糖基残基（木葡聚糖的键合特征）。除厚壁组织外，所有AIR中均存在（1-4）-连接的半乳糖基、（1-5）-连接的阿拉伯糖基、末端半乳糖基、末端阿拉伯糖基、（1-2）-和（1-2，4）-连接的鼠李糖基残基，证实了所有薄壁组织中均存在显著水平的果胶多糖。所有含有维管组织的制剂都含有大量的（1-4）-连接的木糖残基，可能来源于酸性木聚糖。即使在木髓的AIR中，也检测到大量的（1-4）-连接的木糖残基。这可能是由于这些细胞和与维管束相关的薄壁细胞在成熟芦笋植株中经历木质化的能力。
Portions of stems from the base of asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L. cv. Connovor Collossus) were dissected to give the following tissues: (1) pith, which was free of vascular bundles, (2) two surrounding layers, parenchyma and fibre I and II (PFI and PFII), containing parenchyma and vascular bundles, (3) sclerenchyma sheath, (4) epidermis and sub-epidermal layers and (5) asparagus vascular fibre (AVF). The alcohol-insoluble residues (AIRs) from these tissues were shown to be free of starch. They were analysed for moisture and protein, and the component sugars were released by two hydrolytic procedures, which helped to distinguish the sugars from non-cellulosic polysaccharides and cellulose. The AIRs from pith and epidermal tissues were relatively low in xylose, but were rich in cellulosic glucose, and sugars associated with pectic polysaccharides such as galacturonic acid, galactose and arabinose. Their major component polysaccharides (in decreasing amounts) were inferred to be pectic polysaccharides, cellulose, and hemicelluloses. AIR from sclerenchyma was rich in glucose and xylose, suggesting the presence of much cellulose and (acidic) xylans. The AIRs of PFI, PFII and AVF contained significant amounts of xylose in addition tn other sugars, and the major polysaccharides inferred to be present were pectic polysaccharides, cellulose and hemicelluloses, a significant proportion of which may be acidic xylans. Methylation analysis of the AIRs confirmed the above inferences. The bulk of the glucosyl residues were (1–4)-linked, and there were small but significant amounts of (1–4, 6)-linked glucosyl residues (the linkage characteristic of xyloglucans) in all the preparations. The presence of (1–4)-linked galactosyl, (1–5)-linked arabinosyl, terminal galactosyl, terminal arabinosyl, (1–2)- and (1–2, 4)-linked rhamnosyl residues in all the AIRs except that from sclerenchyma, confirmed the presence of significant levels of pectic polysaccharides in all the parenchyma tissues. All the preparations containing vascular tissues contained significant amounts of (1–4)-linked xylosyl residues, probably derived from acidic xylans. Even in the AIR of pith, a significant amount of (1–4)-linked xylosyl residues were detected. This may be due to the ability of these cells and the parenchyma cells associated with the vascular bundles, to undergo lignification in mature asparagus plants.