CAR T Cell Therapy: A Game Changer in Cancer Treatment.
CAR T Cell Therapy: A Game Changer in Cancer Treatment.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/5474602
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Vemuri MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almåsbak H;Aarvak T;Vemuri MC
开发具有可接受的安全性特征的新型靶向疗法对于成功的癌症结局和更好的生存率至关重要。免疫治疗提供了有希望的机会，有可能诱导难治性疾病患者的持续缓解。最近在B细胞恶性肿瘤中使用表达嵌合抗原受体（汽车）的基因修饰的T细胞的试验中的显著临床应答产生了极大的热情。这种疗法可能为我们治疗难治性或复发性癌症的方式的潜在范式转变铺平道路。汽车是基因工程改造的受体，其将来自肿瘤靶向抗体的特异性结合结构域与T细胞信号传导结构域组合，以允许特异性靶向抗体重定向的T细胞活化。尽管目前在血液学癌症方面取得了成功，但我们只是开始探索CAR重定向T细胞在控制和消除耐药、转移性或复发性非血液学癌症方面的强大潜力。本文讨论了CAR T细胞疗法的应用，其挑战以及成功的临床和商业翻译策略。
The development of novel targeted therapies with acceptable safety profiles is critical to successful cancer outcomes with better survival rates. Immunotherapy offers promising opportunities with the potential to induce sustained remissions in patients with refractory disease. Recent dramatic clinical responses in trials with gene modified T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) in B-cell malignancies have generated great enthusiasm. This therapy might pave the way for a potential paradigm shift in the way we treat refractory or relapsed cancers. CARs are genetically engineered receptors that combine the specific binding domains from a tumor targeting antibody with T cell signaling domains to allow specifically targeted antibody redirected T cell activation. Despite current successes in hematological cancers, we are only in the beginning of exploring the powerful potential of CAR redirected T cells in the control and elimination of resistant, metastatic, or recurrent nonhematological cancers. This review discusses the application of the CAR T cell therapy, its challenges, and strategies for successful clinical and commercial translation.