Do social isolation and neighborhood walkability influence relationships between COVID-19 experiences and wellbeing in predominantly Black urban areas?
Do social isolation and neighborhood walkability influence relationships between COVID-19 experiences and wellbeing in predominantly Black urban areas?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104264
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Troxel W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finucane ML;Beckman R;Ghosh-Dastidar M;Dubowitz T;Collins RL;Troxel W
美国黑人受到严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2或COVID-19）大流行的影响不成比例。自大流行开始以来，我们观察到有色人种社区的健康，社会和经济影响，部分原因是美国深刻的居住隔离，在大流行之前的几个世纪里，在获得机会和资源方面造成了差异。基于生活在两个种族隔离的匹兹堡社区的黑人居民的纵向队列，我们试图：1）描述对COVID-19条件的行为反应的经历（例如，关闭的企业，学校，政府办公室）和疾病的经验报告的居民在这些撤资，城市地区和2）确定这些经验是否与风险的看法，负面的心理健康结果，和粮食不安全;和3）检查是否有任何协会被解释为社会孤立或修改邻里步行。我们发现，居民对COVID-19相关关闭的经历与疾病、感知风险以及心理困扰、睡眠质量和食品不安全性与COVID-19前水平的变化之间存在直接关联。社交孤立是所有这些关联的统计学显著中介，最强烈的调解途径的心理困扰。我们发现邻里步行性是关闭经验和睡眠质量之间的关联的一个显着的主持人。研究结果表明，COVID-19关闭和疾病的经历与黑人、投资减少的城市社区的公共卫生面临的严重威胁有关，而不仅仅是病毒直接造成的威胁。这一流行病的结果似乎在很大程度上取决于有多少社会和物质资源可用于满足压力的需求。
Black Americans have been disproportionately affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) pandemic. Since the pandemic’s start, we have observed compounded health, social, and economic impacts for communities of color, fueled in part by profound residential segregation in the United States that, for centuries prior to the pandemic, created differences in access to opportunity and resources. Based on a longitudinal cohort of Black residents living in two racially isolated Pittsburgh neighborhoods, we sought to: 1) describe the experiences of behavioral responses to COVID-19 conditions (e.g., closures of businesses, schools, government offices) and illness experiences reported by residents within these disinvested, urban areas and 2) determine if these experiences were associated with perceptions of risk, negative mental health outcomes, and food insecurity; and 3) examine whether any of the associations were explained by social isolation or modified by neighborhood walkability. We found direct associations between residents’ experience with COVID-19-related closures and with the illness, with perceived risk, and change in psychological distress, sleep quality, and food insecurity from pre-COVID-19 levels. Social isolation was a statistically significant mediator of all of these associations, most strongly mediating the pathway to psychological distress. We found neighborhood walkability to be a significant moderator of the association between closure experiences and sleep quality. The results suggest that experiences of COVID-19 closures and illness were associated with serious threats to public health in Black, disinvested, urban neighborhoods, beyond those caused directly by the virus. Outcomes of the pandemic appear very much dependent on the extent to which social and physical resources are available to meet the demands of stress.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
BARON, RM;KENNY, DA
通讯作者：
KENNY, DA
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013
发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Cutter, Susan L.;Barnes, Lindsey;Webb, Jennifer
通讯作者：
Webb, Jennifer
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Bjornstrom, Eileen E. S.;Ralston, Margaret L.
通讯作者：
Ralston, Margaret L.
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Adams, Elizabeth L.;Caccavale, Laura J.;Bean, Melanie K.
通讯作者：
Bean, Melanie K.
影响因子：
9.1
作者：
Suyin Chalmin-Pui L;Roe J;Griffiths A;Smyth N;Heaton T;Clayden A;Cameron R
通讯作者：
Cameron R