Public Interest Law Organizations and the Two-Tier System of Access to Justice in the United States
Public Interest Law Organizations and the Two-Tier System of Access to Justice in the United States
复制标题
美国的公益法律组织和诉诸司法的两级制度
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Laura Beth Nielsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Albiston;Su Li;Laura Beth Nielsen
公共利益法组织（PILO）是美国提供司法救助的重要机构。政治、经济和制度因素是如何塑造PILO的？PILO在提供的服务以及相对于美国贫困和人口的地理位置方面有何不同？本文通过将公益法律组织代表性样本的原始调查数据与人口和贫困的GIS数据相结合来研究这些问题。我们发现，存在一个PILO是积极的政治进步和人口在县级，但负相关的贫困集中。我们的分析揭示了一个双层系统的公共利益代表性，其中国家组织参与各种社会变革战略，而地方和区域组织利用更有限的战略，更多地依赖于政府的资助。这些模式对今天美国的司法救助产生了影响。
Public interest law organizations (PILOs) are important institutions for providing access to justice in the United States. How have political, economic, and institutional factors shaped PILOs? How do PILOs vary in the services they offer and in their geographical location relative to poverty and population in the United States? This article investigates these questions by combining original survey data from a representative sample of public interest law organizations with GIS data on population and poverty. We find that the presence of a PILO is positively related to political progressiveness and population at the county level, but negatively related to the concentration of poverty. Our analysis reveals a two-tier system of public interest representation in which national organizations engage in a variety of social change strategies, whereas local and regional organizations utilize more limited strategies and depend more on governmental funding. These patterns have implications for access to justice in the United States today.