Experimental evidence for decompression melting of metasomatized mantle beneath Colima Graben, Mexico

Experimental evidence for decompression melting of metasomatized mantle beneath Colima Graben, Mexico
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墨西哥科利马地堑下方交代地幔减压熔融的实验证据

DOI:
10.1007/s00410-020-01740-x
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Becerra-Torres E
Becerra-Torres E
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Becerra-Torres E

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原始俯冲带岩浆提供了有关下伏地幔楔的成分和热结构的信息。在墨西哥的科利马地堑,从火山锥喷发的原始熔岩范围从高镁钙碱性玄武岩到高钾粗面玄武岩。这种化学成分的多样性表明,它们所来自的弧下地幔楔是不均匀的。为了探索科利马楔下的岩浆生成的条件,我们使用了一个反实验的方法来约束多个饱和点的液相线表面的原始高钾碧玄岩(COM-1)。平衡活塞-气缸实验在1.0和2.4 GPa之间在含水(1.8-3.8重量% H2O)和氧化(NO2 =-0.5至4.3 log单位相对于NNO)条件下进行。COM-1 + 3.8 wt% H2O在1.9-2.4 GPa和1300 ºC下接近其液相线时显示为多重饱和,含金云母的尖晶石辉石岩组合(cpx + opx + phl + sp)。液相线表面的实验映射揭示了一个多饱和点(MSP),其中的二辉橄榄岩相组合的ol + cpx + opx + sp + phl共存。MSP的拓扑结构表明了一个形式为cpx + opx + phl + sp = liquid + ol的周期结构。四个交叉实验将COM-1的MSP定义为1300 ± 10 °C,1.7 ± 0.1 GPa,对于含有3.6 ± 0.4重量% H2O的熔体,MSNNO = 3.4 ± 0.5 log单位。MSP橄榄石富镁橄榄石(Fo 92 -94),与地幔二辉橄榄岩处于平衡状态,但与天然碧玄岩中的斑晶核心成分相匹配。因此,实验结果表明,COM-1是由不含橄榄石的金云母-辉石岩来源的不一致熔融产生的,而金云母-辉石岩来源本身是地幔楔被板状流体交代的结果。这些条件提供了一个有价值的约束下科利马地幔楔的热结构和化学成分。
Primitive subduction zone magmas provide information about the composition and thermal structure of the underlying mantle wedge. In the Colima Graben, Mexico, primitive lavas erupted from cinder cones range from high magnesium calc-alkaline basalts to high-K trachybasalts. This chemical diversity suggests that the sub-arc mantle wedge from which they derive is heterogeneous. To explore the conditions of magma generation in the wedge beneath Colima we used an inverse experimental approach to constrain multiple saturation points on the liquidus surface of a primitive high-K basanite (COM-1). Equilibrium piston-cylinder experiments were carried out between 1.0 and 2.4 GPa under hydrous (1.8–3.8 wt% H2O) and oxidizing (ƒO2= − 0.5 to 4.3 log units relative to NNO) conditions. COM-1 + 3.8 wt% H2O is shown to be multiply-saturated with a phlogopite-bearing spinel pyroxenite assemblage (cpx + opx + phl + sp) close to its liquidus at 1.9–2.4 GPa and 1300 ºC. Experimental mapping of the liquidus surface reveals a multiple saturation point (MSP) where a lherzolitic phase assemblage of ol + cpx + opx + sp + phl coexist. The topology of the MSP indicates a peritectic of the form cpx + opx + phl + sp = liquid + ol. Four bracketing experiments define the MSP of COM-1 as 1300 ± 10 °C, 1.7 ± 0.1 GPa, ∆NNO = 3.4 ± 0.5 log units, for melt containing 3.6 ± 0.4 wt% H2O. The MSP olivine is too forsterite-rich (Fo92-94) to be in equilibrium with mantle lherzolite, but matches phenocryst core compositions in the natural basanite. Thus, experimental results indicate that COM-1 was produced by incongruent melting of an olivine-free, phlogopite-pyroxenite source that itself is the result of metasomatism of mantle wedge by slab-derived fluids. These conditions provide a valuable constraint on the thermal structure and chemical composition of the mantle wedge beneath Colima.
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