A non-randomized vaccine effectiveness trial of accelerated infant hepatitis B immunization schedules with a first dose at birth or age 6 weeks in Cote d'Ivoire
A non-randomized vaccine effectiveness trial of accelerated infant hepatitis B immunization schedules with a first dose at birth or age 6 weeks in Cote d'Ivoire
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.03.018
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发表时间：
2008-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Chauvin, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ekra, Daniel;Herbinger, Karl-Heinz;Chauvin, Pierre
大多数非洲国家不在出生时开始接种乙型肝炎疫苗。我们进行了一项非随机对照试验，比较了 0、6 和 14 周龄时接种的乙型肝炎疫苗与科特迪瓦目前的 6、10 和 14 周接种计划。阿比让的四个保健中心招募了孕妇。 9 个月时，出生队列和 6 周队列中 0.5% 的婴儿 HBsAg 呈阳性，且所有婴儿均由 HBeAg 阳性女性所生。在 HBeAg 阳性母亲所生的婴儿中，出生队列中 24 名婴儿中的 9 名 (37.5%) 和 6 周队列中 17 名婴儿中的 10 名 (58.8%) HBsAg 阳性（调整后 OR，2.7；95% CI：0.7-11.0）。虽然这两种疫苗方案都阻止了大多数婴儿乙型肝炎病毒传播，但在 HBeAg 阳性母亲的婴儿中，两种疫苗接种失败率也很高。非洲婴儿可能会受益于出生剂量，但需要更多的研究来验证这一假设。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Most African countries do not initiate hepatitis B vaccination at birth. We conducted a non-randomized controlled trial comparing hepatitis B vaccination given at age 0, 6, and 14 weeks versus the current Cote d'lvoire schedule of 6, 10, and 14 weeks. Pregnant women were enrolled at four health centers in Abidjan. At age 9 months, 0.5% of infants in both the birth and 6-week cohorts were positive for HBsAg and all were born to HBeAg-positive women. Among infants of HBeAg-positive mothers, 9 of 24 (37.5%) in the birth cohort and 10 of 17 (58.8%) in the 6-week cohort were HBsAg positive (adjusted OR, 2.7; 95% CI: 0.7-11.0). While both vaccine schedules prevented most cases of infant HBV transmission, both also had high failure rates among infants of HBeAg-positive mothers. African infants may benefit from a birth dose but additional studies are needed to verify this hypothesis. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.