Dietary composition and diel feeding patterns of epipelagic siphonophores
Dietary composition and diel feeding patterns of epipelagic siphonophores
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表层管水母的膳食组成和昼夜摄食模式
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发表时间：
1981
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通讯作者：
J. Purcell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Purcell
描述了1977-1980年期间在加州湾、南加州外海、马尾藻海和华盛顿星期五港研究的24种上层管水母的捕食模式。其中7个物种在白天和夜间进行了研究，15个物种仅在白天进行了研究，2个物种仅在夜间进行了研究。管水母的3个亚目中的每一个都有一个特征性的饮食。管水母亚目的管水母，具有大型的胃虫，主要以鱼类幼虫为食。在suborderPhysonectae，这通常有几个，大的腹足动物，消耗一些小的桡足类，但主要消耗大型桡足类和各种大型，noncopepod猎物。杯足亚目的种类，通常有许多小型的腹足动物，主要以小型桡足类为食，也以其他小型猎物生物为食。猎物的最大尺寸往往与gastrozoid长度的所有管水母研究。对于一个给定的管水母物种，摄入的猎物的数量是最大的地方，猎物的生物是最丰富的周围的海水。对于白天和晚上收集的管水母物种，有一种倾向，更多的猎物被消耗在夜间。实验室行为学观察表明，7种管蚜中有2种只在光照下取食，另一种只在黑暗中取食。
Prey consumption patterns are described for 24 species of epipelagic siphonophores studied during 1977–1980 in the Gulf of California, off Southern California, in the Sargasso Sea, and in Friday Harbor, Washington. Of the species, 7 were studied by day and at night, 15 were studied only by day, and 2 were studied only at night. Each of the 3 suborders of siphonophores had a characteristic diet. Siphonophores in the suborder Cystonectae, which had large gastrozooids, fed primarily on fish larvae. Species in the suborder Physonectae, which generally had few, large gastrozooids, consumed some small copepods, but consumed mainly large copepods and a variety of large, noncopepod prey. Species in the suborder Calycophorae, which generally had many small gastrozooids, fed mainly on small copepods, and also on other small prey organisms. The maximum size of prey tended to be correlated with gastrozooid length for all the siphonophores studied. For a given siphonophore species, the number of ingested prey was greatest at localities where prey organisms were most abundant in the surrounding seawater. For siphonophore species collected both day and night, there was a tendency for more prey to be consumed at night. Behavioral observations in the laboratory indicated that of 7 siphonophore species tested, 2 fed only in the light, and another fed only in the dark.