Post-transcriptional regulation of immune responses by RNA binding proteins.
Post-transcriptional regulation of immune responses by RNA binding proteins.
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DOI：
10.2183/pjab.94.017
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takeuchi O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mino T;Takeuchi O
细胞因子是炎症和宿主免疫防御的关键介质。细胞因子的产生在转录和转录后水平上受到调节。炎症mRNA的转录后抑制由一组RNA结合蛋白（RBP）与顺式元件（如富含AU的元件（ARE）和茎环结构）相互作用介导。而ARE结合蛋白如tristetraprolin和茎环识别蛋白Roquin通过募集CCR 4-NOT去腺苷酶复合物下调细胞因子mRNA丰度，另一种茎环RBP Regnase-1作为核糖核酸内切酶，直接降解靶细胞因子mRNA。这些RBP控制不同细胞内位置的抑制活性或非活性mRNA。在不同位置存在各种RBP调节mRNA使得能够在炎症条件下精细控制细胞因子。细胞因子mRNA衰变的失调导致病理学，例如自身免疫性疾病的发展或免疫应答的活化受损。在这里，我们审查目前的知识，转录后调节免疫反应的RBPs和重要性，他们的改变在炎症病理和自身免疫。
Cytokines are critical mediators of inflammation and host immune defense. Cytokine production is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Post-transcriptional damping of inflammatory mRNAs is mediated by a set of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) interacting with cis-elements, such as AU-rich elements (ARE) and stem-loop structures. Whereas ARE-binding proteins such as tristetraprolin and a stem-loop recognizing protein, Roquin, downregulate cytokine mRNA abundance by recruiting a CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, another stem-loop RBP, Regnase-1, acts as an endoribonuclease, directly degrading target cytokine mRNAs. These RBPs control translation-active or -inactive mRNAs in distinct intracellular locations. The presence of various RBPs regulating mRNAs in distinct locations enables elaborate control of cytokines under inflammatory conditions. Dysregulation of cytokine mRNA decay leads to pathologies such as the development of autoimmune diseases or impaired activation of immune responses. Here we review current knowledge about the post-transcriptional regulation of immune responses by RBPs and the importance of their alteration during inflammatory pathology and autoimmunity.
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