Looking for Neuroethics in Japan
Looking for Neuroethics in Japan
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在日本寻找神经伦理学
DOI：
10.1007/s12152-017-9348-1
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Maxence Gaillard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maxence Gaillard
神经伦理学是一个充满活力但仍然相当年轻的跨学科领域，涉及神经科学、哲学或生物伦理学以及其他学术专业。它正处于全球范围内的制度化进程中，尽管在每个国家的速度并不相同。许多文献致力于讨论神经伦理学作为一个领域的目的和相关性，但很少有人试图分析其发展的本地条件。本文描述了神经伦理学在日本的进步，作为一个新的学术领域制度化的起伏的个案研究。由于神经伦理学的特点之一是其构成学科领域的多样性，从神经科学的伦理学到伦理学的神经科学，分析依赖于一个框架来描绘其不同的方面。对日本案例研究的讨论嵌入了对该领域重要性的几种解释，这些解释由神经伦理学的不同参与者、支持者或批评者提出。日本神经伦理学的历史可以被解读为对神经伦理学定义感兴趣的人对元神经伦理学的贡献，以及对日本研究体系感兴趣的人对科学政策的研究。
Neuroethics is a dynamic and still rather young interdisciplinary field involving neuroscience, philosophy, or bioethics, among other academic specialties. It is under a process of institutionalization on a global scale, although not at the same pace in every country. Much literature has been devoted to the discussion of the purpose and relevance of neuroethics as a field, but few attempts have been made to analyze its local conditions of development. This paper describes the advancement of neuroethics in Japan as a case study on the ups and downs of the institutionalization of a new academic field. As one of the peculiarities of neuroethics is the diversity of its constituent subject areas, which range from ethics of neuroscience to neuroscience of ethics, the analysis relies on a framework delineating its different aspects. The discussion of the Japanese case study is embedded in several interpretations of the significance of the field proposed by various actors, proponents, or detractors of neuroethics. The history of neuroethics in Japan can be read as a contribution to meta-neuroethics by those interested in definitions of neuroethics, and as a study in science policy by those interested in the Japanese system of research.