Transfer of metacognitive skills and hint seeking in monkeys
Transfer of metacognitive skills and hint seeking in monkeys
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01850.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Terrace, Herbert S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kornell, Nate;Son, Lisa K.;Terrace, Herbert S.
元认知是一种知识，可以表达为对自己所知道的（监控）和学习自己所不知道的（控制）的策略的信心判断。虽然有大量关于动物认知过程的文献，但对其元认知能力知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，恒河猴之前接受过训练，对其感知任务的表现进行回顾性信心判断，并立即将这种能力转移到新的感知任务和工作记忆任务中。我们还表明，猴子可以学会要求“提示”，当他们被给予的问题，否则他们将不得不通过试验和错误来解决。这项研究首次表明，非人类灵长类动物与人类共享在不同认知任务内和之间监测和转移其元认知能力的能力，并在需要知道的基础上寻求新知识。
Metacognition is knowledge that can be expressed as confidence judgments about what one knows (monitoring) and by strategies for learning what one does not know (control). Although there is a substantial literature on cognitive processes in animals, little is known about their metacognitive abilities. Here we show that rhesus macaques, trained previously to make retrospective confidence judgments about their performance on perceptual tasks, transferred that ability immediately to a new perceptual task and to a working memory task. We also show that monkeys can learn to request "hints" when they are given problems that they would otherwise have to solve by trial and error. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nonhuman primates share with humans the ability to monitor and transfer their metacognitive ability both within and between different cognitive tasks, and to seek new knowledge on a need-to-know basis.