Beyond editing: repurposing CRISPR-Cas9 for precision genome regulation and interrogation.
Beyond editing: repurposing CRISPR-Cas9 for precision genome regulation and interrogation.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrm.2015.2
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Qi LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dominguez AA;Lim WA;Qi LS
细菌CRISPR-Cas9系统已经成为基因表达序列特异性调控的多功能平台。本综述描述了基于核酸酶失活的Cas9（称为dCas 9）的技术的发展，用于RNA引导的基因组转录调控，通过CRISPR干扰（CRISPRi）抑制和通过CRISPR激活（CRISPRa）激活。我们强调了在不同生物体中的不同用途，包括细菌和真核细胞，并总结了利用CRISPR-dCas 9进行多重诱导基因调控，全基因组筛选和细胞命运工程的当前应用。我们还提供了对该技术的未来发展及其在生物医学研究和临床研究中的应用的观点。
The bacterial CRISPR–Cas9 system has emerged as a multifunctional platform for sequence-specific regulation of gene expression. This Review describes the development of technologies based on nuclease-deactivated Cas9, termed dCas9, for RNA-guided genomic transcription regulation, both by repression through CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) and by activation through CRISPR activation (CRISPRa). We highlight different uses in diverse organisms, including bacterial and eukaryotic cells, and summarize current applications of harnessing CRISPR–dCas9 for multiplexed, inducible gene regulation, genome-wide screens and cell fate engineering. We also provide a perspective on future developments of the technology and its applications in biomedical research and clinical studies.