Nest-Building Behavior in Three Species of Deer Mice, Peromyscus
Nest-Building Behavior in Three Species of Deer Mice, Peromyscus
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三种鹿鼠（Peromyscus）的筑巢行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
1969
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Layne
中科院分区：
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作者：
J. Layne
对佛罗里达鼠、棉鼠和白鼠的筑巢行为进行了研究。比较了三种棉种每天从分配器中取出棉花的数量和筑巢的类型，并测试了佛罗里达州和棉棉的碎纸倾向。Floridanus比其他物种移走的棉花更少，筑巢更差，在这些措施中没有显着差异。第一代实验室构思和饲养的主题floridanus和gossypinus在这些测试中表现得更差，更多的野生捕获的个人，虽然物种之间的相对差异持续存在。Floridanus比Gossypinus更少粉碎。与棉花去除实验相反，这两个物种的实验室受试者往往比野外动物做更多的切碎，并具有较低的变异系数。在这两种测试中，野外和实验室受试者之间的差异主要归因于圈养条件所产生的活动或气质的非遗传差异。佛罗里达州的穷人筑巢行为显然反映了洞穴筑巢习惯的演变，从而减少筑巢行为的选择，温暖，干燥的气候条件的影响下。棉雀和白雀的筑巢活动水平较高，与它们较大的栖息地和巢址多样性有关。这三个物种筑巢行为的差异被认为至少可以部分解释它们目前的生态和地理分布模式。种内变化的筑巢活动是更大的两个floridanus种群比在相同地区的棉。在佛罗里达州股票更明显的差异与他们更大的遗传隔离和生态分歧，似乎是相关的类型的洞穴在两个栖息地。它的结论是，这三个物种的筑巢行为的演变，虽然总的气候条件的影响，已更密切相关的更接近的生态因素，如栖息地和巢址的偏好，这反过来又有助于确定具体的小气候下，每个物种的生活。
Nest-building behavior of Peromyscus floridanus, P. gossypinus, and P. leucopus was studied. The three species were compared on the basis of amount of cotton removed daily from a dispenser and the type of nest built, and floridanus and gossypinus were also tested for their tendency of shred paper strips. Floridanus removed less cotton and built poorer nests than the other species, which did not differ significantly in these measures. First generation laboratory conceived and reared subjects of floridanus and gossypinus performed more poorly and more variably in these tests than wild-caught individuals, although the relative differences between species persisted. Floridanus did less shredding than gossypinus. In contrast to the cotton-removal experiments, laboratory subjects of both species tended to do more shredding than field animals and had lower coefficients of variation. The differences between field and laboratory subjects in both kinds of tests are attributed mainly to non-genetic differences in activity or temperament produced by conditions of captivity. The poor nest-building behavior of floridanus apparently reflects evolution of burrow nesting habits, with consequent reduction in selection for nest-building behavior, under the influence of warm, xeric climatic conditions. The higher level of nest-building activity in gossypinus and leucopus correlates with their greater habitat and nest-site diversity. The differences in nest-building behavior of these three species are believed to provide at least a partial explanation of their present patterns of ecologic and geographic distribution. Intraspecific variation in nest-building activities was greater in two floridanus populations than in gossypinus from the same areas. The more pronounced difference in the floridanus stocks is correlated with their greater genetic isolation and ecological divergence and appears to be related to the types of burrows available in the two habitats. It is concluded that evolution of nest-building behavior of these three species, although influenced by gross climatic conditions, has been more closely associated with more proximate ecological factors such as habitat and nest site preferences which in turn help to determine the specific microclimates under which each species lives.