Cooling strategies improve intermittent sprint performance in the heat of athletes with tetraplegia
Cooling strategies improve intermittent sprint performance in the heat of athletes with tetraplegia
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冷却策略可提高四肢瘫痪运动员在高温下的间歇冲刺表现
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
V. Goosey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Webborn;M. Price;P. Castle;V. Goosey
背景 预冷已被证明可以提高身体健全的受试者在炎热环境中重复冲刺训练的表现。脊髓损伤会导致体温调节障碍，对表现产生不利影响。这项研究评估了高温运动前和运动过程中的降温策略是否可以提高四肢瘫痪运动员的短跑表现。方法 8 名四肢瘫痪的男性运动员在高温（32.0°C (0.1°C)；湿度 50% (0.1%)）下进行间歇性手臂曲柄运动，最多 60 分钟或直至精疲力尽。试验涉及无冷却控制（CON）、预冷却（PRE）或运动期间冷却（DUR）。每个间歇冲刺方案都包括不同时期的被动休息、最大冲刺和主动恢复。结果 PRE 和 DUR 冷却策略均提高了运动员重复进行高强度冲刺和力竭时间 (TTE) 的能力，而在 CON 试验期间，运动员表现出冲刺和 TTE 总数的减少（CON、PRE 和 DUR 分别为 47.2 分钟（10.8 分钟）、52.8 分钟（5.8 分钟）和 36.2 分钟（9.6 分钟））。与 PRE 和 DUR 相比（分别为 36.5°C (0.6°C) 和 37.0°C (0.5°C)，CON 的核心温度 (37.3°C (0.3°C)) 显着较高，p<0.01）。疲惫或完成时感知的用力和热感的评级没有不同。结论四肢瘫痪的运动员在炎热条件下运动时应根据其运动特点采取预冷或运动中冷却策略。
Background Precooling has been shown to enhance performance in repeated sprint exercise in able-bodied subjects in a hot environment. Spinal cord injury causes thermoregulatory impairment with a detrimental effect on performance. This study assessed whether cooling strategies before and during exercise in the heat enhances sprint performance in athletes with tetraplegia. Methods Eight male athletes with tetraplegia performed intermittent arm crank exercise in the heat (32.0°C (0.1°C); humidity, 50% (0.1%)) for a maximum of 60 min or until exhaustion. Trials involved a no-cooling control (CON), precooling (PRE) or cooling during exercise (DUR). Each intermittent sprint protocol consisted of varied periods of passive rest, maximal sprinting and active recovery. Results Both PRE and DUR cooling strategies improved the ability of the athletes to repeatedly perform high-intensity sprints, with times to exhaustion (TTE), whereas during the CON trial, athletes demonstrated a reduction in the total number of sprints and TTE (47.2 (10.8), 52.8 (5.8) and 36.2 (9.6) min for CON, PRE and DUR, respectively). Core temperature was significantly higher for CON (37.3°C (0.3°C)) when compared with both PRE and DUR (36.5°C (0.6°C) and 37.0°C (0.5°C), respectively, p<0.01). Ratings of perceived exertion and thermal sensation upon exhaustion or completion were not different. Conclusions Athletes with tetraplegia should use a precooling or during-exercise cooling strategy specific to the characteristics of their sport when exercising in hot conditions.